Natwerk Designs

What are some innovations from the motion picture camera? Made by Thomas Edison.

Portrait Innovations picture? Please dont give me the site or a dumb answer :) if you have any idea how much a picture would cost please let me know...any ideas are appreciated...i would call but they are closed now so if you have used portrait innovations before or if you have any ideas let me know thanks

One of the most influential innovations in painting was the ability to show ________ in a picture.? the natural world perspective bright colors women

Picture People or Portrait Innovations? I plan on taking my 6 month old son to take some studio pictures. Of the places in my area, I have narrowed it down to these two places. If you've been to either one, what are your opinions on them? Good? Bad? I seriously do not want Wal-Mart or Sears. I've been to both places and was not satisfied. The JCPenny where I live doesn't have a studio,

Couples Pictures at Portrait Innovations? I made an appointment at portrait innovations for my two year anniversary with my boyfriend. We're young (19 & 20), I just want to know if anyone has taken couples pictures at Portrait Innovations? because i feel kind of awkward knowing its mostly for kids and families.

Portrait Innovations, a family portrait studio, uses a cool program to choose pictures. What program is it? The software that they use at Portrait Innovations is truly unique. They can crop, move, enlarge photos. I would love to get my hands on it. Does anyone know what it is called?

does anyone know how long it takes to get your pictures that were taken at portrait innovations? so i need to take my senior pictures, which are due very soon. Does anyone have an idea of how long it takes for you to get your pictures...a week a few days.

How do you like your cropped picture? Yahoo's genius staff are again at their very best when it comes to innovation with the all new "cropped avatar picture" with much less image quality and bigger file size. What else happens when you are bankrupt of new ideas, and HAVE to "innovate" to survive the competition between corporations? I really hope Yahoo gets acquired by a more legitimate company. They should have been wiped out a long time ago.

I know a woman, who never had photography experience before, but she got a job in Portrait Innovations.? Hi, I know a woman, no experience at all on photography, recently got a photographer job in Portrait Innovations. I wonder if they can maintain the quality of studio portrait. I know this company pretty big and growing, but I won't take picture there once I know the story. anyone got same feeling, where to find professional portrait photographers.

how did the industrial revolution affect factory developement. what innovations did it bring along with it.? i want to know different machines needed in fruit juice production. i also want to know the space requirements for the machineries. i want to know about the evolution of industries. i will like to have picture of some factory sites or if u have clue of any web address, i'll appreciate. i am an architecture student carrying out a research on fruit juice production and am also required to do a design to that effect.i want the production line for juice production. i will also want to know the processing stages.

How much do individual sheets cost at Portrait Innovations? I saw the 9.99 package special, but they don't list prices for additional sheets on their website. Has anyone used them? Were you happy with your pictures?

Portrait Innovations Question? I am planning on taking my children to have their picture taken there this weekend and I am wanting to do something special for my husband for fathers day and I was wondering if they will put text on pictures, like names or a quote..etc. I called but no one is there today. Thanks!

What is a important innovation developed in Canada during the time period 1939-1945? What is a important innovation developed in Canada during the time period 1939-1945? I need a picture of a innovation in canada that happened during that time period

How long until color film is not available? In a recent conversation with one of the scientists/archivists at the Getty museum in Los Angeles we discussed the future of color film. We agreed that what keeps color film alive is the motion picture film industry and once that industry moves over largely to digital capture and even more importantly, digital projection there will not be enough demand for color film for anyone to continue to produce it profitably and it will disappear. Regardless of it's attributes or the demand by prominent film makers and photographers no one will any longer be able to afford to produce it. The still film market is minuscule when compared to the motion picture market and any innovations you are seeing are motivated by motion picture sales and not still film. Unlike B&W film, there is a huge amount of technology involved in the production of color film and because of this I believe it will likely disappear completely in the next 5 to 10 years. So...what are your predictions and arguments on how long color film will be available

Take a picture of the three of us - ideas? So I've decided that since I really have NO pictures with my kids, that for Father's Day I will give my husband a picture of my kids and I taken at a studio. However, I only have Saturday to do it as he's gone for the day. And...now I'm seriously doubting my decision. My kids are 3 years and 9 months, and taking a picture of the two of them is amazingly complicated for TWO adults. I can't imagine just one. Next, no one is available to help out - no friends in the area, all family is busy until next Christmas. So it's just me. Any ideas how to help it go smoothly?! Also, any ideas of the best place to get it done? We can't go to a professional, though I would love to. We have a GREAT photographer who unfortunately doesn't have open appointments until next month. There's also the second tier - cheaper - Picture People, Picture Place, Portrait Innovations, etc. Then there's the third tier - cheapest and usually looks it - Target, Walmart, Sears, Penneys

Suggestions as to where I should get my daughter's 6 month pictures taken at? I had my daughter's 3 month pictures taken at Photo Innovations and loved how they turned out but they were sooo expensive. So now my daughter is 6 months and we're ready to get her pictures taken again but need some suggestions and prices as to where we should go. I was thinking about going to a Picture Me studio at Wal-Mart. Has anyone gone there? If so how did your pictures turn out and what were their prices like? I could really use some help. If anyone has other suggestions please throw them my way!!

Portrait Innovations and retouching? When your pictures taken at Portrait Innovations . Can they do any retouching to the photo ? Cause I'm getting pictures done tomorrow and got a couple pimples . Thanks for answering .

Why are my pictures from my WildGame Innovations TrailCam not formatted correctly? So, I bought my first trailcam. The Wildgame Innovations Ir4. The camera takes good pictures, but I have run into 2 obstacles. 1) I pulled the SD yesterday and popped it into my digital camera and it said it wasnt working properly. 2) It sometimes takes pictures that "arent formatted correctly". If I get 30 pictures, 15 of them will just be what I call blank pictures that won't show up. It often takes pictures of nothing, so I cut all possible wind blown weeds away and it has been much better, but still shows empty shots at times. The WildGame Innovations websites mentions drivers. Do I need to plug the camera up and update some sort of firmware? Any ideas??

I am wondering about Photo Innovations? I have a family picture schedule for this Sunday. They are new to my area, well about hour 1/2 away from where I live. Just wondering if anyone has any input on the kind of work they do? I don't want to drive that far for one and another I really want a place that will take time etc. because I have been married for 10 yrs 1 child never a family picture. If anyone has any info on "Photo Innovations" I would appreciate any info you might have. Thanks

im having trouble with my wildgame innovations ir4c trail cam it keeps going all white for all of my pictures? how would i fix this problem

are there any picture studios that do santa pictures in san antonio? I am planning on having my 1 1/2 year old and 3 month old's picture taken together. I have nice christmas outfits and everything and I want them to have a good picture taken, but I was wondering if there is any portrait studio that actual does pictures with santa? I don't want one of those cheap looking ones from the mall, I want it to be an actual portrait, but I don't know of any places that does that in San Antonio? I normally take my kids to portrait innovations when I get pictures done because their prices are excellent and the quality is very good, but if I could get a picture of them with Santa I would like to take them wherever I can do that. Any ideas on where I can go to get a good Santa picture taken??? Thanks!

Are there any picture studios that do santa pictures in san antonio? I am planning on having my 1 1/2 year old and 3 month old's picture taken together. I have nice christmas outfits and everything and I want them to have a good picture taken, but I was wondering if there is any portrait studio that actual does pictures with santa? I don't want one of those cheap looking ones from the mall, I want it to be an actual portrait, but I don't know of any places that does that in San Antonio? I normally take my kids to portrait innovations when I get pictures done because their prices are excellent and the quality is very good, but if I could get a picture of them with Santa I would like to take them wherever I can do that. Any ideas on where I can go to get a good Santa picture taken??? Thanks!

Help!!!!! Homework? Do you know any innovations from india? Can you give me info on innovations from india, I only need one and I need to know what it is, How it is used, A picture, and a website would be helpful........ I already have something called the Cotton Stripper and the Pomegranate e peeler machine............... If that is too much then just give me a website where I could find something like that...... PLEASE!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

If I bought the rights to some pictures of my daughter how do I make copies of them? My wife took my daughter to get her pictures made professionally. When she bought the picture package they offered her the rights to the pictures. She bought them and now we need more copies. Wal-Mart says I need a paper saying I own the rights. They also said that it should be on the disk somewhere but I don't really know what I am looking for. The studio was Portrait Innovations. If you can help I would be greatly appreciative! Thanks!

How can I get my webcam to work with Yahoo IM? I have a Micro Innovations webcam that works quite well. But it won't work with Yahoo. When I went through the setup process for YIM I get to the page where you are suppose to see the picture, but it is just black. And when I click on the broadcast button, I get a message that says "invalid or empty Yahoo user ID". Can anyone help?

The “rebirth” that took place during the Renaissance occurred in many fields not including? The “rebirth” that took place during the Renaissance occurred in many fields including all of the following except? Architecture Government Art All of these fields and more experienced a “rebirth”. Where did the Renaissance first develop? France The Netherlands Italy Southern England One of the most influential innovations in painting was the ability to show ________ in a picture. the natural world perspective bright colors women Why was the printing press such an important invention? Its invention meant that books no longer had to be written by hand, lowering their cost. Its invention meant that books became available to more people. It inspired people to learn to read, ask questions, and explore. All of the above. Which features enabled the Renaissance to develop in Italy? Central European location Network of roads Wealth from trade All of the above Which of the following artists/works is paired CORRECTLY? Raphael and The School of Athens Botticelli and The Calling of St. Matthew Michelangelo and Mona Lisa da Vinci and The Night Watch The differences between a medieval craftsman and a renaissance artist can be summarized as: There are no important differences between how a renaissance artist and a medieval craftsman worked. The only significant difference concerned the role of the Catholic Church. The most important significant changes dealt with materials. The most significant changes dealt with materials, work rules, and artistic control. A humanist was most likely to study Grammar Philosophy Ancient civilizations All of the above In general, most women in Renaissance Europe were treated as equals to men. patrons of the arts. treated as inferior to men. highly educated. Which of the following works of art would be a prime example of the changing focus in Renaissance art? Raphael's School of Athens Vincenzo's Italy's Dawn Landau's Lakes of Grass da Vinci's Statue of Daniel

Portrait Innovations... parents what do ya think? I am taking my little girl tomorrow to portrait innovations. I am just curious what you think about their pictures? Also do you have the option of bringing multiple outfits? I have about 4 outfits and I am just curious if they will let ya change? Thanks!!

WHY IS INDIAN AGRICULTURE LACKING BEHIND SEVERAL COUNTRIES? I would like to know if there are any specific reasons for this? for example in china the per hectare paddy production is higher than in india. what could be the reasons? Can innovations in this area change the picture of indian agriculture?

Portrait Innovations or Clix? Im trying to decide where to get my daughters pictures taken at next...we have been to Portrait Innovations 3 times and really want to try Clix but I would like to know price wise where one stand than the other...I usually spend around 90.00 at P.I. and get close to 150 pics of varying sizes...how much and how many pics could you get at Clix for that amount?

Portrait Innovations? Okay, so I'm taking my daughter to Portrait Innovations for her 2 month pictures and everyone keeps talking about their $10 deal.! Well when i called to set up an appointment they said the deal was over until November. So, I need to know what kind of packages they have since they don't wanna say over the phone; because they want you to buy more photos then you intend to buy. I wanna go in with just the right amount of money and no credit cards so i can keep my limits. Please Help.!

Portrait Innovations - Do I get a CD? There is an AMAZING deal at Portrait Innovations. They offered so many pictures for $9.95 according to their site. www.portraitinnovations.com/special... Has anyone has good/bad experience with them? Is this some sort of typical salesman tatics? Please give me some reviews if you've used them before. Can you really walk out of their under $50 bucks? We are on a tight budget... How much does a CD cost? Can you buy just a CD? How's the quality? Thank you so much for your input.

Can someone give me suggestions on my research paper? I need to revise it and would appreciate and remarks about areas that I need to improve on. Thanks in advance? Debussy: A Pioneer in the World of Music As a pianist sits down to practice Reflections in the Water by Debussy, he feels a sense of nostalgia before the he even starts playing. He drifts into the piece, and falls unconsciously into an ethereal world. The music paints a rich and charming picture of rippling water-so simple, yet so beautiful. In Reflections in the Water, notes are not just notes. The broken chords become a ripple of water flowing up and down the keyboard. The simple one note melody in the left hand transforms into droplets falling into the water. Slowly, the music accelerates. The ripples become more intense, their charm and power swirling in the air. The rain is pouring onto the water, creating frenzied yet serene reflections of autumn trees and drifting clouds, radiating pastel splashes of scarlet, indigo, blue, orange, and magenta. Then the reflections slow down in a hushed diminuendo. The ripples are once again peaceful. The pianist is drawn into the mysterious scene that the piece paints. Who is the composer behind this masterpiece? He is the one and only Debussy, whose compositions float on the border between daydream and reality. Debussy was a pioneer in a whole different genre of music. He strayed away from the strict musical conventions of his time, such as the ABA form, venturing off into an undiscovered world of bizarre musical forms and style. Debussy also created many songs based off of Symbolist poems and Impressionist paintings (Halliwell 90). Critics did not understand or appreciate his strange formless music. Renowned composer Massenet declared, "He is an enigma" (Henry-Lang and Bettman 238). According to One of Debussy’s teachers told him “I am not saying that what you do isn’t beautiful, but it’s theoretically absurd” (Kamien 440). Fellow musicians casted off his works, but modern musicians have come to idolize Debussy. Debussy’s experimentations and unconventional ways have revolutionized the art of music, influencing many later composers to seek new styles and sparking new forms of music such as jazz. Debussy’s music can be understood through two important aspects of his music-Impressionism and Symbolism. Impressionism, the main style of which Debussy was attributed to, “marks a crisis-point in nineteenth-century art” (Lucie-Smith 8). Paris was the hubbub of the revolution of art. Until then, art followed strict conventional methods. Paintings were drawn as realistically as possible. A group of artists in France sprang up in opposition to the detailed conventional styles of art. After photography was invented during the mid-1800s, painting realistic pieces was no longer ideal (Lucie-Smith 8). Why work meticulously for detail when a camera could capture nature and society in exact form? This new art form called Impressionism was different unlike ever seen before. Impressionists sought to develop innovations in color and light-one thing photographs lacked. Impressionists manipulated color by “painting in small, pure touches that coalesced to create the required hue only when the spectator stood at a certain distance from the canvas” (Lucie-Smith 9). In the same way, Debussy sought to implement colorful and illuminated harmonies in his work. Moreover, Impressionists believed in creating their artworks in the open air to capture the essence of nature and “achieve a perfect reproduction of what the eye really perceived” (Lucie-Smith 9). Any other aspect of art was “pushed aside as an irrelevance” (Lucie-Smith 9). One excellent example of Impressionistic art was Sisley’s Le brouillard. This landscape painting consisted of random colored dots. However, when viewed at a certain distance, Le brouillard seems to transform from capricious colored dots to a painting capturing the playful effects of light. Not surprisingly, many art critics viewed the paintings by the French Impressionists threatening to the “perfect” conventional form of art. Debussy, who lived in Paris (the birthplace of Impressionism), was considered an Impressionist for his formless music that contained unconventional harmonies. Like the Impressionists, his music did not state a precise story or idea, but suggested the beauty and color of nature. Many of Debussy’s works are musical forms of Impressionist paintings. Debussy is generally viewed as an Impressionist, but many art historians claim that Debussy was also a Symbolist-with good reason. Symbolism sprang from Impressionism. The two are very similar. Symbolism focused on “the richness offered by the life of the senses” (Lucie-Smith 13), which included the effects of light as in Impressionism. An obvious difference between the two was that Impressionism dealt with painting, while Symbolists applied their ideas to poetry. The Symbolist takes what he observes with his senses and transforms the image into something otherworldly. Similarly, Debussy depicted ethereal images in his pieces with his unconventional and mysterious harmonies which charmed the senses. Renoir, a famous Symbolist, acknowledges the sensual aspect of Symbolism: “What the world brings to us through our most basic perceptions is also, necessarily, the material from which we build our dreams” (Lucie-Smith 14). Just like he composed music based off Impressionist paintings, Debussy also composed music for Symbolist poetry. One of his most famous piano pieces, Clair de Lune (Moonlight), is based off a poem with the same name by Verlaine (Medea). His dreamy music enriched the senses of the listener. “One can actually imagine the snow dancing and feel the touch of the chilly evening air in The Snow is Dancing” (Medea), a piece from his album The Children’s Corner. Regardless of whether Debussy is seen as an Impressionist, Symbolist, or both, he will always be remembered as the pioneer altered the course of music. A variety of events in Debussy’s life helped to inspire his music. By looking at Debussy’s life, one can see Debussy’s road of maturation in becoming a composer that sparked a musical profusion. Achille-Claude Debussy was born in Paris on August 22, 1862. Debussy’s father soon realized the boy had talent and sent him to be trained with Antoinette-Flore Maute, a family friend. In 1872, Debussy continued his studies at the Paris Conservatory as a full-time student. It was in his three years at the Paris Conservatory of Music that Debussy began to experiment with new musical ideas that challenged existing musical beliefs. Many of the teachers criticized his bizarre music. They couldn’t understand why Debussy would experiment with unusual tones, and compose formless music that didn’t center on a certain key (such as the key of C). One of his teachers at the Paris Conservatory asked: “Whose rule do you follow?” (Thompson 5). Debussy responded, “My own pleasure” (Thompson 5). Saint Saens, a well-known composer at the time, stated his view in a letter to fellow composer Faure: “I advise you to look at the pieces for two pianos…It’s incredible, and the door of the Institute must at all costs be barred against a man capable of such atrocities” (Sadie 310). These are only two examples of the numerous criticisms that Debussy received throughout his career. Luckily, Debussy studied in Paris, the birthplace of Impressionism. Debussy soon met likeminded writers and artists. He had many discussions with the talented artists and poets. Debussy became close friends with a poet by the name of Verlaine. The Symbolist poet Verlaine would later inspire much of Debussy’s music. In 1884, Debussy entered the Prix de Rome competition with lofty expectations, but won only won second prize. “The Conservatory condemned the piece” (Halliwell, 88) for having shifting harmonies and its unconventional style. He won first prize the following year and was awarded a four-year study in Rome. It was in Rome that Debussy met Liszt, a famous composer and pianist that would widely influence his later works. “Liszt encouraged Debussy to seek out Renaissance music” (Halliwell 88), especially the music played in Rome’s churches. This type of music was commonly based on the ethereal whole tone scale, which Debussy utilized in many of his mature imagery works, as in Suite bergamasque. After his study in Rome, Debussy returned home to Paris, where his parents disparaged him for failing to become an exceptional pianist, and in particular, for not bringing home any money. With spare time on his hands, Debussy frequently visited cafes where he listened to artists and writers discuss things. It was at the Bookshop of Independent Art where Debussy met with the group of poets known as the Symbolists. The Symbolists would leave a lasting imprint in Debussy, who later wrote songs based off of Symbolist poems and style. The Symbolists and Impressionists influenced Debussy to break away from traditional harmonies. Debussy started to utilize the whole tone scale, which didn’t have a definite tonality or key. “The whole tone harmonics” gave “his music its distinctive blurred, sonorous effect” (Thompson 10). The 1889 Paris World Exhibit introduced Debussy to a whole new world of music: Orientalism. Debussy was fascinated by the exotic tones of eastern music. Especially appealing to Debussy was Javanese gamelan music, which included many delicate and non-conventional instruments such as “tuned gongs, bells, xylophones, and tiny cymbals” (Thompson 12). The Oriental music changed his perspective on tones and harmonies. Debussy increasingly utilized dissonances, which are chords that are “jarring to the ear” (Halliwell 91). The pentatonic scales of Oriental music also attracted him. Debussy made several remarks about Oriental music after his visit to the fair: “Do you not remember the Javanese music, able to express every shade of meaning?” (Kamien 437) I am more and more convinced that music is not, in essence, a thing which can be cast into a traditional and fixed form. It is made of colors and rhythms” (Kamien 439). As the years passed, Debussy’s music became more mature. His music focused on imagery. He said of his work: “My music has no other aim than to become identified with certain scenes or objects” (Halliwell 88). One can see from Debussy’s life that friends and family greatly impacted his output. Debussy tended to write more songs when his relationships with his wives were great (he married several times). Between 1906 and 1908, Debussy churned out piano music. He dedicated a “set of six little piano pieces called Children’s Corner” (Thompson 36) to his dear daughter Chou-Chou. The piece in that set called Golliwog’s Cake-walk was one of the earliest music that included jazz elements (Kamien 424). His works encompass a surprising variety ranging from piano to orchestra. In 1909, Debussy was diagnosed with colon cancer. During this time, he composed two books of piano pieces, mainly dealing with imagery. The cancer gradually worsened, and Debussy died on March 25, 1918, leaving behind an everlasting legacy. Debussy’s music was unique to that of any other composers before him. He was one of the first composers to stray away from the traditional diatonic scale and experiment in music with the whole tone and pentatonic scales. He tried to avoid traditional harmonies and styles. The whole-tone scale, a scale where every note is a whole step apart, was a major element in his music. Because every note is a whole step apart, there is no set key of which a whole tone piece lies in (Hoffman 212). The whole tone scale suited Debussy’s works because it gave his works a blurred, dreamy, and faraway effect. The other scale that Debussy’s often used in his compositions was the pentatonic scale. It was at the Paris World Fair that Debussy was mesmerized by the pentatonic music of the Orient (Thompson 12). The general pentatonic scale that Debussy uses consists of the five black notes on the piano. Debussy implemented this scale to give his music a distinct Oriental effect. Debussy’s use of the pentatonic and whole tone scales was unprecedented in Western music. The use of these scales gave his compositions a blurry, dreamy and faraway effect. It wasn’t the use of the scales that revolutionized music, however-it was the experimentation of exotic and unorthodox scales that imprinted Debussy in musical history. Debussy breakthrough of traditional musical conventions was revolutionary. My piano teacher Toumadjanov asserts this statement in a recent interview. Debussy experimented with the whole tone and pentatonic scales and implemented them in his music. This implementation of exotic scales was revolutionary in that it served as a role model for succeeding musicians. We can see his influence in Jazz. The jazz scale was a pretty new scale in music in Debussy’s time. Debussy set an example in the musical world by using uncommon scales and techniques in his music. He was a role model for jazz. We can attribute a portion of the increasing popularity of Jazz in Europe and the rest of the Western world to him (Jazz was exported from America, but was not popular in Europe at first)... He set the standard for unorthodox music, and helped people to see that even though Jazz was not traditional, it was beautiful. Debussy also played a role in contemporary music. The scale used for contemporary music was discovered after Debussy’s death. Debussy encouraged the musical world to seek out new forms of music and not follow traditional ideals. The contemporary scale was discovered as an indirect result of Debussy’s precedent in music. In fact, musicians can find traces of the contemporary scale and style in some of Debussy’s works, whether Debussy realized this or not. Many sources also indicate the new ideas Debussy brought to the orchestra. Halliwell stated in her book: “Debussy broke conventions in his music. This involved giving new roles to instruments like the harp…Debussy is famous for rethinking the normal roles assigned to each section of the orchestra in order to allow him to create the exact sound he wanted” (88). Debussy’s orchestral piece Prelude to the Afternoon of a Faun, was “a revolutionary piece, which critics claimed had no form, and altered the course of French music, leading the way into the 20th century” (Halliwell 89). Another instrument that Debussy brought out of obscurity into popularity was the flute. “It was neglected during the 19th century, but found favor with French impressionists such as Debussy, and many modern composers have since written for it” (Wade-Matthews and Thompson 80). Debussy’s rebellion against traditional music inspired many later composers. The great Stravinsky said, “I and the members of my generation owe most to Debussy” (Kamien 442). Even though Debussy wasn’t one of the most prolific composers, he was clearly one of the most influential composers in the history of music. Normally when pianists hear the name Debussy, they recognize him for the surreal quality that floats about his compositions; they recognize him for the pieces that paint a magical picture in the listener’s mind, but miss his real significance to music. Throughout the 20th century, Debussy was leading a quiet revolution in music. He was the pioneer of non-traditional music. He was the role model for other composers that ventured into new forms of music such as contemporary. Debussy pushed the boundaries of music and made music be simply music. He revolutionized the orchestra, and its instruments. He opened the world’s eyes to music’s true purpose-pleasure. Debussy was the painter of mystery, silence, the infinite, the sunlit shimmer of the waves. He was the painter of a cheery fragrance in the air, of nostalgia, and of dreams. Is it a coincidence that jazz exploded in popularity after his death; is it a coincidence that the flute, cymbals, and harp play a major role in current orchestras? Is it a coincidence that Stockhausen’s famous orchestra Stimmung, features the major 9th, Debussy’s favorite chord, throughout the whole work? (Sadie 310). Debussy’s name has been obscured in history over the past century, but there is no doubt of his immeasurable imprint in music throughout the 20th century. Debussy should have the last word: ‘We must agree that the beauty of a work of art will always remain a mystery, in other words we can never be absolutely sure “how it’s made”. We must at all costs preserve this magic which is peculiar to music and to which, by its nature, music is of all arts the most receptive’ (Sadie 310). Thesis is: Debussy's experimentation and unconventional ways have revolutionized the art of music, influecning many later composers and sparking new forms of music such as jazz

Portrait Innovations question? Ok so Ive been there once when my daughter was 9m and trust me they are so much better that Picture People... Ive spent over a couple hundred dollars on like 10 pictures I have of her from birth through 6m. Ok well anyways I can't remember how you get the free cd, it's to late to call them and a friend of mine is going in the morning before we can call... and Im curious is it with buying the 9.95 package or is it for spending a certain amount of money... Im just trying to remember because she's curious what she should do and wondering if she wants to use hers or her husbands card if its gonna be a big purchase... Ok well get back to me soon and thanx a lot.

How do I connect to Xbox Live? I have a motorola cable/phone modem from my cable company heres a picture of it http://www.cesweb.org/shared_files/innovations/innovations_2004/6382/mainphoto6382.jpg and a Linksys BEFSR41 V3.1 Ethernet Cable/DSL Router 4 ports, im doing a wired connection, how do i get it all set up

portrait innovations?!!? I'm thinking of using this company to have my daughters' (have 3 of them) pictures taken in their cheer uniforms. I normally use target and they do a GREAT job but portrait innovations has a pretty good sized package for 10 bucks (we'll spend more i'm sure). has anyone gotten their pictures taken from this company? how good is the quality? if anyone has used the chandler,az studio in particular-i'd like to know about them since that's the one i'm going to. thanks!!

How can i get my webcam to make videos? I have a webcam (basic webcam from Micro Innovations) and i found out how to take pictures, but I really want to make little 3 min. clips. Do I need a better webcam? or will this work if i can buy a mic later? ty in advance

i got a webcam that doesnt work its always black when you try to take a picture/video how do you fix it? its a mi micro innovations Zoom 2.0 Webcam (thats what it says) & i have set it up (put in all of the cord things) properly.

picture cds? has anyone ever purchased a cd of their whole portrait session. If you have been to portrait innovations how much are theres. I know they take like 40 pics and i would love a cd with them. Can you put them on computer and print them?

Can you use propane in place of green gas in a 40 mm airsoft grenade? I was looking at the airsoft inovations site and noticed the silicon bottle says "not for grenade use" does this mean you can't use the adaptor with grenades or that when you use the adaptor with grenades that there's no need for silicon oil? link to the picture-- http://www.airsoft-innovations.com/store/ai-gungas-propane-adaptor-kit

i have to do this project called national history day project and i need help? i have to find 10 primary sources the title of the project is innovations in history:impact and change my innovation is the printing press. im having a lot of trouble finding primary sources. they can be anything, journals, periodicals or newspaper articles, original pictures/ sketches, letters excerpts etc. please help me ive been working for 2 months!

Portrait Innovations? Have you ever used them? What is their pricing like? I'm taking my son to get his first birthday pictures I usually go to JCPennys but I saw some from there and they were way cuter so I'm taking him there instead. I looked online but they didn't really have any prices. Does anybody have an idea? I'm wanting to get two different birthday poses and a Christmas pose or two. Thanks.

Does Portrait Innovations do headshots? Like comp cards or anything for an upcoming model or actress Or do they only do family pictures and senior potraits

Why do photography studios treat their employees so badly? Ok, I know there are a lot of companies that have a less than honorable code of ethics and you can be treated with respect or treated like crap no matter what type of company you work for. But has anyone else noticed that almost all commercial photography companies (Sears Portrait Studio (CPI Corp), JC Penny, Prestige, Portrait Innovations, Picture People) you know, studios like that in general treat their employees like crap? I know people that have worked in a few of these and I worked for one myself and they all hate their job! I sure hated working there. The thing is they could be excellent places for the customer and employees if everyone worked together fairly. But they all seem to suck. Does anybody else know what I'm talking about? What gives?

wildgame innovations 1.3 trail camera? I bought one a few months ago and so far takes great pictures for the price, i just wanted to see what other people thought of the camera. Thanks

question about portrait innovations? we went there last week and got the free CD with all the pictures on there...next time I still want to get the free CD but not spend quite as much... Do any of you know what the minimum amount is that you have to spend and still be able to get the CD??

Can someone give me revisions suggestions (clarity, organization, details, order of paragraphs, etc) Thanks? Debussy: A Pioneer in the World of Music As a pianist sits down to practice Reflections in the Water by Debussy, he feels a sense of nostalgia before the he even starts playing. He drifts into the piece, and falls unconsciously into an ethereal world. The music paints a rich and charming picture of rippling water-so simple, yet so beautiful. In Reflections in the Water, notes are not just notes. The broken chords become a ripple of water flowing up and down the keyboard. The simple one note melody in the left hand transforms into droplets falling into the water. Slowly, the music accelerates. The ripples become more intense, their charm and power swirling in the air. The rain is pouring onto the water, creating frenzied yet serene reflections of autumn trees and drifting clouds, radiating pastel splashes of scarlet, indigo, blue, orange, and magenta. Then the reflections slow down in a hushed diminuendo. The ripples are once again peaceful. The pianist is drawn into the mysterious scene that the piece paints. Who is the composer behind this masterpiece? He is the one and only Debussy, whose compositions float on the border between daydream and reality. Debussy was a pioneer in a whole different genre of music. He strayed away from the strict musical conventions of his time, such as the ABA form, venturing off into an undiscovered world of bizarre musical forms and styles. Debussy also composed many songs drawn from Symbolist poems and Impressionist paintings (Halliwell 90). Critics did not understand or appreciate his strange formless music. Renowned composer Massenet declared, "He is an enigma" (Henry-Lang and Bettman 238). One of Debussy’s teachers told him “I am not saying that what you do isn’t beautiful, but it’s theoretically absurd” (Kamien 440). Fellow musicians cast off his works, but modern musicians have come to idolize Debussy. Debussy’s experimentations and unconventional ways have revolutionized the art of music, influencing many later composers to seek new styles and sparking new forms of music such as jazz. Debussy’s music can be understood through two important aspects-Impressionism and Symbolism. Impressionism, the main style that critics categorized Debussy’s works, “marks a crisis-point in nineteenth-century art” (Lucie-Smith 8). Paris was the hub of the revolution in art. Until then, art followed strict conventional methods. Paintings were drawn as realistically as possible. A group of artists in France sprang up in opposition to the detailed conventional styles of art. After photography was invented during the mid-1800s, painting realistic pieces was no longer ideal (Lucie-Smith 8). Why work meticulously for detail when a camera could capture nature and society in exact form? This new art form called Impressionism was different, unlike anything ever seen before. Impressionists sought to develop innovations in color and light-one thing photographs lacked. Impressionists manipulated color by “painting in small, pure touches that coalesced to create the required hue only when the spectator stood at a certain distance from the canvas” (Lucie-Smith 9). In the same way, Debussy sought to implement colorful and illuminated harmonies in his work. Moreover, Impressionists believed in creating their artworks in the open air to capture the essence of nature and “achieve a perfect reproduction of what the eye really perceived” (Lucie-Smith 9). Any other aspect of art was “pushed aside as an irrelevance” (Lucie-Smith 9). One excellent example of Impressionistic art was Sisley’s Le brouillard. This landscape painting consisted of random colored dots. However, when viewed at a certain distance, Le brouillard seems to transform from capricious colored dots to a painting capturing the playful effects of light. Not surprisingly, many art critics considered the paintings by the French Impressionists threatening to the “perfect” conventional form of art. Debussy, who lived in Paris (the birthplace of Impressionism), was considered an Impressionist for his formless music that contained unconventional harmonies. Like the Impressionists, his music did not state a precise story or idea, but suggested the beauty and color of nature. Many of Debussy’s works are musical forms of Impressionist paintings. Debussy is generally viewed as an Impressionist, but many art historians claim that Debussy was also a Symbolist-with good reason.Symbolism sprang from Impressionism. The two are very similar. Symbolism focused on “the richness offered by the life of the senses” (Lucie-Smith 13), which included the effects of light as in Impressionism. An obvious difference between the two was that Impressionism dealt with painting, while Symbolists applied their ideas to poetry. The Symbolist takes what he observes with his senses and transforms the image into something otherworldly. Similarly, Debussy depicted ethereal images in his pieces with his unconventional and mysterious harmonies which charmed the senses. Renoir, a famous Symbolist, acknowledges the sensual aspect of Symbolism: “What the world brings to us through our most basic perceptions is also, necessarily, the material from which we build our dreams” (Lucie-Smith 14). Just as he composed music based on Impressionist paintings, Debussy also composed music for Symbolist poetry. One of his most famous piano pieces, Clair de Lune (Moonlight), is based off a poem with the same name by Verlaine (Medea). His dreamy music enriched the senses of the listener. “One can actually imagine the snow dancing and feel the touch of the chilly evening air in The Snow is Dancing” (Medea), a piece from his album The Children’s Corner. Regardless of whether Debussy is seen as an Impressionist, Symbolist, or both, he will always be remembered as the pioneer who altered the course of music. A variety of events in Debussy’s life helped to inspire his music. By looking at Debussy’s life, one can see Debussy’s road of maturation in becoming a composer that sparked a musical profusion. Achille-Claude Debussy was born in Paris on August 22, 1862. Debussy’s father soon realized the boy had talent and sent him to be trained with Antoinette-Flore Maute, a family friend. In 1872, Debussy continued his studies at the Paris Conservatory as a full-time student. It was in his three years at the Paris Conservatory of Music that Debussy began to experiment with new musical ideas that challenged existing musical beliefs. Many of the teachers criticized his bizarre music. They couldn’t understand why Debussy would experiment with unusual tones, and compose formless music that didn’t center on a certain key (such as the key of C). One of his teachers at the Paris Conservatory asked: “Whose rule do you follow?” (Thompson 5). Debussy responded, “My own pleasure” (Thompson 5). Saint Saens, a well-known composer at the time, stated his view in a letter to fellow composer Faure: “I advise you to look at the pieces for two pianos…It’s incredible, and the door of the Institute must at all costs be barred against a man capable of such atrocities” (Sadie 310). These are only two examples of the numerous criticisms that Debussy received throughout his career. Luckily, Debussy studied in Paris, the birthplace of Impressionism. Debussy soon met likeminded writers and artists. He had many discussions with the talented artists and poets. Debussy became close friends with a poet by the name of Verlaine. The Symbolist poet Verlaine would later inspire much of Debussy’s music. In 1884, Debussy entered the Prix de Rome competition with lofty expectations, but won only won second prize. “The Conservatory condemned the piece” (Halliwell, 88) for having shifting harmonies and its unconventional style. He won first prize the following year and was awarded a four-year study in Rome. It was in Rome that Debussy met Liszt, a famous composer and pianist that would widely influence his later works. “Liszt encouraged Debussy to seek out Renaissance music” (Halliwell 88), especially the music played in Rome’s churches. This type of music was commonly based on the ethereal whole tone scale, which Debussy utilized in many of his mature imagery works, as in Suite bergamasque. After his study in Rome, Debussy returned home to Paris, where his parents disparaged him for failing to become an exceptional pianist, and in particular, for not bringing home any money. With spare time on his hands, Debussy frequently visited cafes where he listened to artists and writers discuss things. It was at the Bookshop of Independent Art where Debussy met with the group of poets known as the Symbolists. The Symbolists would leave a lasting imprint in Debussy, who later wrote songs based off of Symbolist poems and style. The Symbolists and Impressionists influenced Debussy to break away from traditional harmonies. Debussy started to utilize the whole tone scale, which didn’t have a definite tonality or key. “The whole tone harmonics” gave “his music its distinctive blurred, sonorous effect” (Thompson 10). The 1889 Paris World Exhibit introduced Debussy to a whole new world of music: Orientalism. Debussy was fascinated by the exotic tones of eastern music. Especially appealing to Debussy was Javanese gamelan music, which included many delicate and non-conventional instruments such as “tuned gongs, bells, xylophones, and tiny cymbals” (Thompson 12). The Oriental music changed his perspective on tones and harmonies. Debussy increasingly utilized dissonances, which are chords that are “jarring to the ear” (Halliwell 91). The pentatonic scales of Oriental music also attracted him. Debussy made several remarks about Oriental music after his visit to the fair: “Do you not remember the Javanese music, able to express every shade of meaning?” (Kamien 437) I am more and more convinced that music is not, in essence, a thing which can be cast into a traditional and fixed form. It is made of colors and rhythms” (Kamien 439). As the years passed, Debussy’s music became more mature. His music focused on imagery. He said of his work: “My music has no other aim than to become identified with certain scenes or objects” (Halliwell 88). One can see from Debussy’s life that friends and family greatly impacted his output. Debussy tended to write more songs when his relationships with his wives were great (he married several times). Between 1906 and 1908, Debussy churned out piano music. He dedicated a “set of six little piano pieces called Children’s Corner” (Thompson 36) to his dear daughter Chou-Chou. The piece in that set called Golliwog’s Cake-walk was one of the earliest music that included jazz elements (Kamien 424). His works encompass a surprising variety ranging from piano to orchestra. In 1909, Debussy was diagnosed with colon cancer. During this time, he composed two books of piano pieces, mainly dealing with imagery. The cancer gradually worsened, and Debussy died on March 25, 1918, leaving behind an everlasting legacy. Debussy’s music was unique to that of any other composers before him. He was one of the first composers to stray away from the traditional diatonic scale and experiment in music with the whole tone and pentatonic scales. He tried to avoid traditional harmonies and styles. The whole-tone scale, a scale where every note is a whole step apart, was a major element in his music. Because every note is a whole step apart, there is no set key of which a whole tone piece lies in (Hoffman 212). The whole tone scale suited Debussy’s works because it gave his works a blurred, dreamy, and faraway effect. The other scale that Debussy’s often used in his compositions was the pentatonic scale. It was at the Paris World Fair that Debussy was mesmerized by the pentatonic music of the Orient (Thompson 12). The general pentatonic scale that Debussy uses consists of the five black notes on the piano. Debussy implemented this scale to give his music a distinct Oriental effect. Debussy’s use of the pentatonic and whole tone scales was unprecedented in Western music. The use of these scales gave his compositions a blurry, dreamy and faraway effect. It wasn’t the use of the scales that revolutionized music, however-it was the experimentation of exotic and unorthodox scales that imprinted Debussy in musical history. Debussy breakthrough of traditional musical conventions was revolutionary. My piano teacher Toumadjanov asserts this statement in a recent interview. Debussy experimented with the whole tone and pentatonic scales and implemented them in his music. This implementation of exotic scales was revolutionary in that it served as a role model for succeeding musicians. We can see his influence in Jazz. The jazz scale was a pretty new scale in music in Debussy’s time. Debussy set an example in the musical world by using uncommon scales and techniques in his music. He was a role model for jazz. We can attribute a portion of the increasing popularity of Jazz in Europe and the rest of the Western world to him (Jazz was exported from America, but was not popular in Europe at first)... He set the standard for unorthodox music, and helped people to see that even though Jazz was not traditional, it was beautiful. Debussy also played a role in contemporary music. The scale used for contemporary music was discovered after Debussy’s death. Debussy encouraged the musical world to seek out new forms of music and not follow traditional ideals. The contemporary scale was discovered as an indirect result of Debussy’s precedent in music. In fact, musicians can find traces of the contemporary scale and style in some of Debussy’s works, whether Debussy realized this or not. Many sources also indicate the new ideas Debussy brought to the orchestra. Halliwell stated in her book: “Debussy broke conventions in his music. This involved giving new roles to instruments like the harp…Debussy is famous for rethinking the normal roles assigned to each section of the orchestra in order to allow him to create the exact sound he wanted” (88). Debussy’s orchestral piece Prelude to the Afternoon of a Faun, was “a revolutionary piece, which critics claimed had no form, and altered the course of French music, leading the way into the 20th century” (Halliwell 89). Another instrument that Debussy brought out of obscurity into popularity was the flute. “It was neglected during the 19th century, but found favor with French impressionists such as Debussy, and many modern composers have since written for it” (Wade-Matthews and Thompson 80). Debussy’s rebellion against traditional music inspired many later composers. The great Stravinsky said, “I and the members of my generation owe most to Debussy” (Kamien 442). Even though Debussy wasn’t one of the most prolific composers, he was clearly one of the most influential composers in the history of music. Normally when pianists hear the name Debussy, they recognize him for the surreal quality that floats about his compositions; they recognize him for the pieces that paint a magical picture in the listener’s mind, but miss his real significance to music. Throughout the 20th century, Debussy was leading a quiet revolution in music. He was the pioneer of non-traditional music. He was the role model for other composers that ventured into new forms of music such as contemporary. Debussy pushed the boundaries of music and made music be simply music. He revolutionized the orchestra, and its instruments. He opened the world’s eyes to music’s true purpose-pleasure. Debussy was the painter of mystery, silence, the infinite, the sunlit shimmer of the waves. He was the painter of a cheery fragrance in the air, of nostalgia, and of dreams. Is it a coincidence that jazz exploded in popularity after his death; is it a coincidence that the flute, cymbals, and harp play a major role in current orchestras? Is it a coincidence that Stockhausen’s famous orchestra Stimmung, features the major 9th, Debussy’s favorite chord, throughout the whole work? (Sadie 310). Debussy’s name has been obscured in history over the past century, but there is no doubt of his immeasurable imprint in music throughout the 20th century. Debussy should have the last word: ‘We must agree that the beauty of a work of art will always remain a mystery, in other words we can never be absolutely sure “how it’s made”. We must at all costs preserve this magic which is peculiar to music and to which, by its nature, music is of all arts the most receptive’ (Sadie 310). sorry for the ambiguous paragraph breaks. Thesis is: Debussy's experimentations and unconventional ways have revolutionized the art of music, influencing many later composers and sparking new forms of music such as jazz.

Do you think the IPod can be developed further? I really feel like the ipod has reached the end of its development., with only little potential remaning for innovation, since anything more than what they have right now will be unnecessary. Even the video function in the new generation of ipods is a little excessive. It seems like they have a few choices: 1) Cosmetic Development (increase memory, enlarge screen size, thinner models, high definition support, etc.) 2) Technological Development (integrate satellite radio support by collaboration with Sirius, and/or allow for TV reception and recording) What do you think? Is the ipod nearing its developmental end? And if not, what are some feasible ideas for innovation that are not going to be too crazy (like making phone calls or taking pictures)? Come to think of it, I kind of like the Sirius idea.

Mommies where did you get your little one portraits done at? how much did you pay?? Has anyone heard of Portrait Innovations?? they are having a special portrait package for 9.95. The pictures look good. Where did you get your little one portraits done?? was it worth it? Thanks!

Is there space for a new category? Do you think there's still space for a new website category? Every single market seems to be saturated, you know, shopping: Amazon, social: Facebook, video: YouTube, picture sharing: Photobucket, so is this the end of innovation in website development? Last night, I grabbed a pen and a notebook and I tried to plan and think of a new website category, but I can't think of even one. Is website development already saturated?

Portrait Innovations and infants/toddlers..? How are they with infants/toddlers? My sister got her and her fiances done there and they turned out great! They are reasonably priced. Quick. While we were waiting I was being nosy and looking at other peoples pictures that were going through them on the computer and it looks like the childrens pictures turn out great as well. But, my question is: How are they patient wise? Position wise (as in they don't just use a couple props, have them sit in a couple positions, etc.)? How was your overall experience there?

Portrait Innovations? Worth driving 45 miles? I had an extremely negative experience at Olan Mills Sunday and I am looking for a new place to do pictures. I like the $9.95 deal they have (One - 10 x 13, Two - 8 x 10s, Four - 5 x 7s, Four - 3 x 5s and 32 Wallets) but I know I will want more since they do so many poses.. Does anyone know how much the other packages are (specifically the six pose) and how much is included in that package? Also, I'm a bit nervous about the photo quality since they print them out right there. Are the pictures on the disc high-res? Anything else I need to know? Thanks! (BTW, I'm asking here because us moms are usually the ones worrying about this sort of thing haha)

anyone had bad experience at portrait innovations? I took my son there to get his Xmas pictures done. He is 17 months old. He has developmental delays and does not walk and is not very coordinated and has a low attention span to boot. So I knew there was going to be no way he was going to be sitting on all kinds of props and doing all kinds of poses for 80 pictures. She got about 10 shots that were so so that I would have bought anyway, but he got sidetracked and wouldn't stop spinning one of the props and continue to get shots taken (he's being evaluated for autism). I told her of his issues and asked her could she cut me a break, I would buy at least 8 shots and I wasn't planning on just buying the 9.95 package. She told me she couldn't even show me the shots until she had at least 60 with three different backrounds and she could not cut me a break due to customer policy. I nicely told her I could go somewhere else, have them take 5 poses and buy them. She said she knew this, told me to reschedule or leave basically. I'm so mad, he was not being bratty or disruptive, but there was no point in me rescheduling because this is the way he is. Has anyone had this kind of inflexible BS at this portrait studio?

how much will one portrait cost? please dont give me a site or anything . im going to portrait innovations and i was wondering how much it would cost for just one small picture (8x7) . how much do you thinnk it will be there thanks!

nato should liberate libya othewise gaddafi will bring russia and china into the picture? COME, LORD JESUS, ================ NORTH AFRICA HAS ALWAYS BEEN THE EUROPEAN BACKYARD SINCE THE TIME OF ROMAN EMPEROR JULIUS CAESAR. AMERICAN 6TH FLEET BASE IN ITALY SHOULD SPEARHAD THE LIBERATION OF LIBYA. U.S. Naval forces entering the Mediterranean Sea are assigned ("chopped") to Sixth Fleet. Sixth Fleet has consisted of up to 40 ships, 175 aircraft and 21,000 people, such as in early 2003, when two carrier battlegroups operated in the Mediterranean in support of Operation Iraqi Freedom BI BOMBER HAS BEEN USE IN LIBYA AND IT SHOULD PROVIDE AIR SUPREMACY FOR AMERICAN AND EUROPEAN VICTORY MARCH IN TRIPOLI, LIBYA VERY SOON. SERBIA SERRENDER BECAUSE OF AMERICAN AIRPOWER. THE SAME SHOULD BE DONE IN LIBYA INORDER TO SAVE LIVES. THOSE 260 EUROFIGHER 200O SHOULD BE USE TO WIPEOUT LIBYA AIRFORCE COMPLETELY. THIS IS THE FIRST TIME WE WILL SEE EUROFIGHTER 2000 IN ACTION. THERE IS A BIG MARKET FOR EUROFIGHTER 2000 IN THE COMING DAYS. SO FAR ABOUT 471 HAS BEEN ORDER BY SOME NATIONS. IT COST US$ 500,000,000 A PIECE. 500,000,000 X 500 ================ US$ 250,000,000,000 ================ US$ 250 BILLION DOLLARS? AFTER THE CONQUEST OF LIBYA, EUROPE COULD MADE ABOUT US$ 1,200,000,000,000 FROM THE SALE OF EUROFIGHER 2000 TO ALL NATIONS? ON A SECOND THOUGHT F35 FROM AMERICA COULD OVERTAKE EUROFIGHTER 2000 BECAUSE IT IS MADE IN AMERICA? WHY F35 WAS NOT SEEN IN LIBYA AND ONE REASON IS BECAUSE IT HAS BEEN RECALL FOR INNOVATION. HENCE, NATO SHOULD LIBERATE LIBYA WITH ABOUT 150,000 SOLDIERS. NATO HAS ABOUT 28 MEMBERS THEREFORE 280,000 SOLDIERS FROM THESE NATIONS WILL BE SEND TO LIBYA TO MENTAIN LAW AND ORDER. 10,000 SOLDIERS PER NATION IS REASONABLE. SOME LEADERS DO NOT KNOW THE MEANING OF GENOCIDE? PRESIDENT GADDAFI SHOULD BE CAPTURE AND TAKEN TO EUROPE INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL COURT TO DECIDE HIS FATE. (ICT) The International Criminal Court (French: Cour Pénale Internationale; commonly referred to as the ICC or ICCt)[1] is a permanent tribunal to prosecute individuals for genocide, crimes against humanity, war crimes, and the crime of aggression (although it cannot currently exercise jurisdiction over the crime of aggression).[2][3] IF HE IS FOUND GUILTY HE COULD BE JAIL FOR 20 YEARS OR FOR 1,000 YEARS. PRESIDENT GADDAFI COULD USE THE PRISON WHERE PRESIDENT MILOSEVIC ONCE LIVED BEFORE HE DIED BECAUSE OF MEDICAL PROBLEM. Milošević conducted his own defense in the five-year long trial, which ended without a verdict when he died on 11 March 2006 in his prison cell in The Hague.[5] Milošević, who suffered from heart ailments and high blood pressure, died of a heart attack.[6][7][7][8] The Tribunal denies any responsibility for Milošević's death. They claim that he refused to take prescribed medicines and medicated himself instead.[9] WHATEVER, IT IS WISE FOR PRESIDENT GADDAFI TO LIVE IN AMERICAN PRISON BECAUSE HE HAS ABOUT US$ 70,000,000,000? ONCE, NATO HAS TAKEN OVER LIBYA THEN THE FIRST THING TO DO IS TO HOLD GENERAL ELECTION FOR THE PRESIDENCE OF LIBYA, PARLIMENT, STATE GOVERNMENT, DISCTRICT LEVEL AND ECT. I THINK LIBYAN PEOPLE ARE MATURE TO ELECT THEIR OWN GOVERNMENT BECAUSE THIS WORLD IS COMING TO AN END AROUND 2020 AD. I THINK LIBYA COULD FOLLOW THE IRAQ EXPERIENCE. IRAQ IS A SHOW CASE OF DEMOCRACY IN THE ARAB WORLD. GOD BLESS ISRAEL. MR. ROBIN DONALD. KUALA LUMPUR, MALAYSIA. DATE: 27TH, MARCH, 2011. Obama Tells Libya's Gadhafi to Go http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yV49AKxuI9Y&feature=related U S Exclusive Moammar Gadhafi Tells Christiane Amanpour that Libya's People Love Him ABC News http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=__1rqFMmdCY International Criminal Court http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Criminal_Court NATO Member Countries http://www.nato.int/cps/en/natolive/nato_countries.htm Eurofighter Typhoon http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eurofighter_Typhoon EuroFighter 2000 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8S-Ae0WzGiY F35 Lightning II-Fighter of The Future http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cjXmCb-7dns&feature=related F35 hovering http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_GjrPvSBGXE Abba - Dancing Queen http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xFrGuyw1V8s Abba - Fernando http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dQsjAbZDx-4&feature=relmfu

Links to vidoes, pictures or articles matching the theme of INNOVATION.? I have to issue a viral email around the theme of innovation - something so stand out that people will forward it to their friends. Please post links to anything funny, sad or thought provoking. Thanks for any help you can give me. Keith

Which of the following is right about Renisance History? The “rebirth” that took place during the Renaissance occurred in many fields including all of the following except: Architecture Government Art All of these fields and more experienced a “rebirth”. Where did the Renaissance first develop? France The Netherlands Italy Southern England One of the most influential innovations in painting was the ability to show ________ in a picture. the natural world perspective bright colors women Why was the printing press such an important invention? Its invention meant that books no longer had to be written by hand, lowering their cost. Its invention meant that books became available to more people. It inspired people to learn to read, ask questions, and explore. All of the above. Which features enabled the Renaissance to develop in Italy? Central European location Network of roads Wealth from trade All of the above Which of the following artists/works is paired CORRECTLY? Raphael and The School of Athens Botticelli and The Calling of St. Matthew Michelangelo and Mona Lisa da Vinci and The Night Watch The differences between a medieval craftsman and a renaissance artist can be summarized as: There are no important differences between how a renaissance artist and a medieval craftsman worked. The only significant difference concerned the role of the Catholic Church. The most important significant changes dealt with materials. The most significant changes dealt with materials, work rules, and artistic control. A humanist was most likely to study Grammar Philosophy Ancient civilizations All of the above In general, most women in Renaissance Europe were treated as equals to men. patrons of the arts. treated as inferior to men. highly educated. Which of the following works of art would be a prime example of the changing focus in Renaissance art? Raphael's School of Athens Vincenzo's Italy's Dawn Landau's Lakes of Grass da Vinci's Statue of Daniel

The best place for baby pictures? just wondering where you get the best deal from the chain places like jc penney's, sears, portrait innovations, etc... and are they good pictures? thanks in advance liz, those are great pictures! i just may have to try doing some myself. thanks

Is American higher education better than Asian higher education? American schools really encourage their students to be well rounded and especially emphasize thinking outside the box which I think is a great model for education systems around the world. Many colleges have general education which gives many Americans a broad spectrum of courses which they have to take and before coming to college, many Americans are required to participate in many extracurriculars making Americans very knowledgeable about many different areas of life. Not surprisingly, the US is the center of innovation since they really have a good understanding of the big picture and can easily see how everything is really inter-disciplinary. Why? In America, kids aren't forced to memorize countless amounts of information unlike in Asia but instead are encouraged to utilize the big picture and connect the dots instead. Asian schools on the other hand have a very narrow focus: studying and memorizing what they learn in school. From an early age, Chinese, Japanese, and Indian schools make their students memorize their multiplication tables by making them recite them even to the point that they could do it in their sleep. Not only that, Asian schools emphasize repetition to improve penmanship, to improve their skills in higher level mathematics, and in many other subjects. Not surprisingly, Asians tend to be very adept at memorization and have an easier time memorizing things and phrases than do Americans. Not surprisingly, the Japanese are able to copy American innovations so well..it comes from their education system. Also, Asian schools tend to force their kids to only focus on studying rather than socializing or learning people skills, team work, or management. Not surprisingly, many Asians that come to America tend to really lack when it comes to talking to other people or even taking care of themselves aside from studying. In Asia, you also tend to specialize in a specific field at a really early age or at the end of 10th or 12th grade of high school depending on the country. That is, you decide whether you want to be a doctor, engineer, accountant, plumber, or some other job when you are 16 years old. Then you take a really stressful entrance exam that focuses on a few subjects and your life depends on this one exam. If you fail, then you could be washing dishes at a restaurant for the rest of your life. thats why i say they dont encourage their children to develop a well-rounded personality.. and once you do specialize in a field in asia, you only can take courses in that field and as a result many asians tend to know little to nothing about subjects outside their field of study

I chose a camera for my innovation. Find a camera that takes more than just pictures and find out the cost,? the product's name, the manufacturer - who makes it, a detailed description, the features of it, how does it work, and what is the science behind it. Find a website

good place to get pictures done? I am trying to find a good place to get pictures done. I went to portrait innovations and they are good but they cannot do what I want them to do for my daughter's pictures. I want to get one of her where the whole thing is black and white except for her dress. I don't want a place that is really expensive because we do not have a lot of money. We live in Omaha, NE. Or could I just buy a program for my computer and do the enhancement myself? I have enclosed a picture to kind of show you what I mean. http://www.searsportrait.com/NR/rdonlyres/16C8D61B-0485-4186-98D4-DA30181792D9/0/Prods_LG_color_accent.jpg I would also prefer to get a lot for my money which is why I do not like sears.

Renaissance History ! Dose anyone know anything about The Renaissance History ? The “rebirth” that took place during the Renaissance occurred in many fields including all of the following except: 1. Architecture 2. Government 3. Art 4. All of these fields and more experienced a “rebirth”. ________________________________________ Where did the Renaissance first develop? 1. France 2. The Netherlands 3. Italy 4. Southern England ________________________________________ One of the most influential innovations in painting was the ability to show ________ in a picture. 1. the natural world 2. perspective 3. bright colors 4. women ________________________________________ Why was the printing press such an important invention? 1. Its invention meant that books no longer had to be written by hand, lowering their cost. 2. Its invention meant that books became available to more people. 3. It inspired people to learn to read, ask questions, and explore. 4. All of the above. ________________________________________ Which features enabled the Renaissance to develop in Italy? 1. Central European location 2. Network of roads 3. Wealth from trade 4. All of the above ________________________________________ Which of the following artists/works is paired CORRECTLY? 1. Raphael and The School of Athens 2. Botticelli and The Calling of St. Matthew 3. Michelangelo and Mona Lisa 4. da Vinci and The Night Watch ________________________________________ The differences between a medieval craftsman and a renaissance artist can be summarized as: 1. There are no important differences between how a renaissance artist and a medieval craftsman worked. 2. The only significant difference concerned the role of the Catholic Church. 3. The most important significant changes dealt with materials. 4. The most significant changes dealt with materials, work rules, and artistic control. ________________________________________ A humanist was most likely to study 1. Grammar 2. Philosophy 3. Ancient civilizations 4. All of the above ________________________________________ In general, most women in Renaissance Europe were 1. treated as equals to men. 2. patrons of the arts. 3. treated as inferior to men. 4. highly educated. ________________________________________ Which of the following works of art would be a prime example of the changing focus in Renaissance art? 1. Raphael's School of Athens 2. Vincenzo's Italy's Dawn 3. Landau's Lakes of Grass 4. da Vinci's Statue of Daniel Please and Thank You !

Can you please summarise this article and give your opinion? This is the article: The Scottish tourism industry will be "dead in the water" without embracing new technologies. The warning came from Alan Rankin, chief executive of the Aviemore and Cairngorms Destination Management Organisation, ahead of Tourism Innovation Day, on February 28 in Glasgow. Rankin, former chief executive of the Scottish Tourism Forum, spoke out following results of a Scottish tourism survey carried out by Highland Business Research for Tourism Innovation Day, which showed that 59% of companies felt that they could do better in terms of embracing technology. He said: "The tourism industry will be dead in the water unless it adopts the opportunities presented by new technologies." Many of the companies surveyed, which included accommodation businesses and tourist and visitor attractions in Scotland, cited similar themes when asked about their biggest technology challenges. These included securing funding to develop and increase the use of technology; not having broadband available in their area; being able to update their website regularly; the cost of promoting a small business on the web and staying on top of changing technology and trends such as the growth in use of rich media and Web2.0. Rankin questioned whether Scotland will be able to meet the challenge as quickly as emerging markets. "In the global market, having your website configured for the mobile phone, will become a necessity," he said. "For a lot of people in the Asian economies, the phone is a more important internet mechanism than the computer. This will become increasingly true of the developed markets. "Yet in some of our key rural tourism areas in Scotland, we don't have the mobile technology infrastructure in place - a major obstacle to overcome. Some areas do not even have broadband available." In the Scottish tourism survey, 94% of respondents have not offered mobile travel applications for customers and 96% did not have a version of their website for the mobile phone. Respondents were aware of the importance of social networking sites as a promotional channel, but only 17% of respondents had used such sites for promoting their businesses. Rankin warned that using social networking comes with its own sets of problems. "Such sites can pose challenges in terms of controlling the messages and should a company receive online criticism, it is there for the whole world to see. Companies therefore need to either get their service right in the first place," he said. Tourism Innovation Day, which is organised by the Tourism Innovation Group with Scottish Enterprise, has been designed to inspire and equip Scottish tourism organisations to apply technology, and develop innovative new products and services. Sue Crossman, project director for TiG, said, "The percentage of global hotel bookings made online for the first quarter of 2007 was almost double that of the same period last year. "Internet bookings accounted for 41.2% of total CRS bookings in major hotels chains throughout the world, up from 22% in 2006. "One third of all bookings during the first quarter of 2007 came through hotels' own websites. "With the ever increasing use of the web coupled with mobile phone advances, new technology will let the customer source better deals, and will raise their expectations in terms of receiving more customised tourist information." She challenged businesses of all sizes to raise their game in exploiting new technology, calling for "effective digital portals" to be set up for all of Scotland's main tourist destinations. The portals could use technology similar to popular social networking sites such as Bebo and Facebook, and allow visitors to post comments, pictures or videos about their personal experience of any location or service. Crossman claimed such sites would boost online bookings and help visitors find out more about the quality and variety of tourism experiences on offer. Digital portals would encourage smaller business, such as individual bed and breakfasts, that are still not confident about what the new technology can do for them, to work together to promote themselves and their location. She said: "Some companies are missing out on the available technology and that is not helping our global competitiveness. "There are now cost-effective ways for any accommodation business to offer online bookings; this is a must going forward. New technology, including the kind that allows you to post user-generated content on the web, is very exciting and should be helping destinations get their messages out there effectively." Tourism Innovation Day includes keynote speaker, Ben Vinod, chief innovator at Sabre Holdings, the company behind Lastminute.com. by Phil Davies If you had to summarise that article What would you say?? Do u agree with the article??? xoxox

trail camera flash didn't work? I recently bought a wildgame innovations trail cam and when it tried to take a picture right before the sun came up in the morning the picture is just green..the flash didn't work and theres not enough sunlight to make out whats in the picture. Is this a common problem with these cameras or was it just a fluke? it has a regular flash that worked fine when I set up the camera before taking it into the woods

how often do you/do you plan to get professional pictures taken of your little one(s)? Right now we are figuring on once a year sometime around his birthday give or take a month or so...went today and got some really great pictures done at Portrait Innovations!! Came out with tons of pictures (about 15 or so poses) for a little less than twice the price as what we paid for 2, yes 2, poses at Sears...and the people were SOOOOOO much nicer there!! So how often do you get professiona pictures done?? we are all the time taking pictures with our smaller cannon digital cameras...so have tons of "candid" pictures...

hi im looking for people who are wanting to make a video game? i own a corporation called 8 stages, it is copywritten and an actual company, i dont have a building for it but im looking for land, im working on a video game *title is not shown casually* thee story has been written already, im working on the characters bios, i have rough drawings of them, but im attempting to make the characters in maya, i am only 15 years old (sophmore in high school) im currently experimenting with the havic engine to create enviroments, if anyone would like to help with this game simply email me. Im trying to get a grant from other companies that i have connections too like backbone entertainment, and possibly apple core innovations, the teaser for the game: picture final fantasy combined with God of war, gameplay with a story even better than final fantasy, set in a present day world. the music is being made by me as well. unfortunatly no one is getting paid if they help with production, YET, because im downloading and using illegal versions of the programs. a website is in production, my email is 1stshadowx@gmail.com, my current email adress, being changed for buisnes reasons. character modelers needed.

have you used this company for photographs? How was it? portrait innovations...i've heard some moms on here mention something about them and was just curious... what kind of pricing do they have? I know they have a special package right now that's like $10 but I'm just curious about what you paid for pictures and did you get a lot of pictures? oh, i'm sure that I would be spending more than just the $10...simply b/c I haven't gotten any professional pictures done (just the birth announcements from the hospital)...

someone help me fix my webcam please? my picture is green and the image is upside down! it's a micro innovations i have no idea what to do please help

history helpppp (study guide)? 1. What does the term 'Renaissance' mean? A) life B) death C) resurrection D) rebirth 2. Where did the Renaissance first develop? A) France B) The Netherlands C) Italy D) Southern England 3. One of the most influential innovations in painting was the ability to show ________ in a picture. A) the natural world B) perspective C) bright colors D) women 4. What Renaissance invention is often called the most important invention of modern times? A) Flying buttress B) Printing press C) Lever D) Fresco painting 5. Which features enabled the Renaissance to develop in Italy? A) Central European location B) Network on roads C) Wealth from trade D) All of the above 6. Which of the following artists/works is paired CORRECTLY? A) Raphael and The School of Athens B) Botticelli and The Calling of St. Matthew C) Michelangelo and Mona Lisa D) da Vinci and The Night Watch

im having problems with my webcam.. plz help!? i have a micro innovations webcam.. but for some reason its green.. the picture is just this tint of green.. i dont know how to fix it.. and i cant find the program to run it.. to adjust the settings.. when i go to mycomputer and open it from the iCATCH .. . . whatever its called.. but when it opens.. it opens in like a windows window?.. the same window that pops up when you do a search.. i konw that i once opend it in its own small lil player with all the options and stuff.. but i cant figure out how to open it like that.. plz help.. ne ideas?

Do you agree with (the norm) who answered my? question, and said Scotland was a couple of generations behind other European countries.Redirected from Scottish inventions) Jump to: navigation, search John Logie Baird, television pioneer.Scottish inventions and discoveries are objects, processes or techniques which owe their existence either partially or entirely to a person born in or descended from Scotland; in some cases, the invention's Scottishness is determined by the fact that they were brought into existence in Scotland (e.g. animal cloning), by non-Scots working in the country. Often, things which are discovered for the first time, are also called "inventions", and in many cases, there is no clear line between the two. The Scots take enormous pride in the history of Scottish invention and discovery. There are many books devoted solely to the subject, as well as scores of websites listing Scottish inventions and discoveries with varying degrees of exhaustiveness and accuracy. Even before the Industrial Revolution, Scots have been at the forefront of innovation and discovery across a wide range of spheres: the steam engine, the bicycle, tarmacadam roads, the telephone, television, the motion picture, penicillin, electromagnetics, radar, insulin and calculus are only a few of the most significant products of Scottish ingenuity. The following is a list of inventions or discoveries often held to be in some way Scottish: This list is incomplete; you can help by expanding it. Contents [hide] 1 Road Transport Innovations 2 Civil Engineering Innovations 2.1 Bridges 2.2 Canals & Docks 2.3 Lighthouses 3 Power Innovations 4 Shipbuilding Innovations 5 Heavy Industry Innovations 6 Agricultural Innovations 7 Communication Innovations 7.1 Some Scottish publishing firsts: 8 Scientific innovations 9 Sports innovations 10 Medical Innovations 11 Household Innovations 12 Weapons Innovations 13 Miscellaneous innovations 14 References 15 See also 16 External links [edit] Road Transport Innovations A gas powered things (gas mask) : James Gregory (1638-1675) A steam car (steam engine): William Murdoch (1754-1839) [1] Macadam roads: John Loudon McAdam (1756-1836) [1] Driving on the left: Determined by a Scottish-inspired Act of Parliament in 1772 The pedal bicycle: Kirkpatrick Macmillan (1813-1878) [2] The pneumatic tyre: Robert William Thomson and John Boyd Dunlop (1822-1873) [3] The overhead valve engine: David Dunbar Buick (1854-1929) The speedometer: Sir Keith Elphinstone (1864-1944) The motor lorry: John Yule in 1870 The steam tricycle: Andrew Lawson in 1895 [edit] Civil Engineering Innovations [edit] Bridges Bridge design: Sir William Arrol (1838-1913), Thomas Telford (1757-1834) & John Rennie (1761-1821) Suspension bridge improvements: Sir Samuel Brown (1776-1852) Tubular steel: Sir William Fairbairn (1789-1874) [edit] Canals & Docks Falkirk Wheel: ??? (Opened 2002) Canal design: Thomas Telford (1757-1834) Dock design: John Rennie (1761-1821) The patent slip for docking vessels: Thomas Morton (1781-1832) Crane design: James Bremner (1784-1856) [edit] Lighthouses Lighthouse design: Robert Stevenson (1772-1850) The Drummond Light: Thomas Drummond (1797-1840) [edit] Power Innovations Condensing steam engine & improvements: James Watt (1736-1819) Coal-gas lighting: William Murdock (1754-1839) The Stirling heat engine: Rev. Robert Stirling (1790-1878) Electro-magnetic innovations: James Clerk Maxwell (1831-79) Carbon brushes for dynamos: George Forbes (1849-1936) The Clark cycle gas engine: Sir Dugald Clark (1854-1932) Wireless transformer improvements: Sir James Swinburne (1858-1958) Cloud chamber recording of atoms: Charles T. R. Wilson (1869-1959) Wave-powered electricity generator: Stephen Salter in 1977 [edit] Shipbuilding Innovations The steamship paddle wheel: Patrick Miller (1731-1815) The steam boat: William Symington (1763-1831) Europe's first passenger steamboat: Henry Bell (1767-1830) The first iron-hulled steamship: Sir William Fairbairn (1789-1874) The first practical screw propeller: Robert Wilson (1803-1882) Marine engine innovations: James Howden (1832-1913) [edit] Heavy Industry Innovations The carronade cannon: Robert Melville (1723-1809) Making cast steel from wrought iron: David Mushet (1772-1847) Wrought iron sash bars for glass houses: John C. Loudon (1783-1865) The hot blast oven: James Beaumont Neilson (1792-1865) The steam hammer: James Nasmyth (1808-1890) Wire rope: Robert Stirling Newall (1812-1889) Steam engine improvements: William Mcnaught (1831-1881) The Fairlie, a narrow gauge, double-bogey railway engine: Robert Francis Fairlie (1831-1885) Cordite - Sir James Dewar, Sir Frederick Abel [edit] Agricultural Innovations Threshing machine improvements: James Meikle (c.1690-c.1780) & Andrew Meikle (1719-1811) Hollow pipe drainage: Sir Hugh Dalrymple, Lord Drummore (1700-1753) The Scotch Plough: James Anderson of Hermiston (1739-1808) Deanstonisation soil-drainage system: James Smith (1789-1850) The mechanical reaping machine: Rev. Patrick Bell (1799-1869) The Fresno Scraper: James Porteous (1848-1922) The Tuley tree shelter: Graham Tuley in 1979 [edit] Communication Innovations Print stereotyping: William Ged (1690-1749) The balloon post: John Anderson (1726-1796) The adhesive postage stamp and the postmark: James Chalmers (1782-1853) The post office The mail-van service Universal Standard Time: Sir Sandford Fleming (1827-1915) Light signalling between ships: Admiral Philip H. Colomb (1831-1899) The telephone: Alexander Graham Bell (1847-1922) [ debated ] The teleprinter: Frederick G. Creed (1871-1957) The television: John Logie Baird (1888-1946) Radar: Robert Watson-Watt (1892-1973) Fax Machine - Alexander Bain Radio (underlying principles) - James Clerk Maxwell (1831-1879) [edit] Some Scottish publishing firsts: The first book translated from English into a foreign language The first edition of the Encyclopædia Britannica (1768-81) The first English textbook on surgery (1597) The first modern pharmacopaedia, the Materia Medica Catalogue (1776) The first textbook on Newtonian science The first colour newspaper advertisement The first postcards and picture postcards in the UK [edit] Scientific innovations Logarithms: John Napier (1550-1617) Popularising the decimal point: John Napier (1550-1617) The Gregorian telescope: James Gregory (1638-1675) The concept of latent heat: Joseph Black (1728-1799) The pyroscope, atmometer and aethrioscope scientific instruments: Sir John Leslie (1766-1832) Identifying the nucleus in living cells: Robert Brown (1773-1858) Hypnosis: James Braid (1795-1860) Colloid chemistry: Thomas Graham (1805-1869) The kelvin SI unit of temperature: William Thompson, Lord Kelvin (1824-1907) Devising the diagramatic system of representing chemical bonds: Alexander Crum Brown (1838-1922) Criminal fingerprinting: Henry Faulds (1843-1930) The noble gases: Sir William Ramsay (1852-1916) The Cloud chamber: Charles Thomson Rees Wilson (1869-1959) Pioneering work on nutrition and poverty: John Boyd Orr (1880-1971) The ultrasound scanner: Ian Donald (1910-1987) Ferrocene synthetic substances: Peter Ludwig Pauson in 1955 The MRI body scanner: John Mallard in 1980 The first cloned mammal (Dolly the Sheep): The Roslin Institute research centre in 1996 Seismometer - James David Forbes [edit] Sports innovations Main article: Sport in Scotland Scots have been instrumental in the invention and early development of several sports: several modern athletics events, notably the shot put and the hammer throw, derive from Highland Games events Curling Cycling, invention of the pedal-cycle Golf Mountaineering Shinty Basketball (see James Naismith) [edit] Medical Innovations Devising the cure for scurvy: James Lind (1716-1794) Discovering quinine as the cure for malaria: George Cleghorn (1716-1794) Pioneering the use of surgical anaesthesia with Chloroform: Sir James Young Simpson (1811-1870) The hypodermic syringe: Alexander Wood (1817-1884) Pioneering the use of antiseptics: Joseph Lister (1827-1912) Identifying the mosquito as the carrier of malaria: Sir Ronald Ross (1857-1932) Identifying the cause of brucellosis: Sir David Bruce (1855-1931) Discovering the vaccine for typhoid fever: Sir William B. Leishman (1865-1926) Discovering insulin: John J R Macleod (1876-1935) with others Penicillin: Sir Alexander Fleming (1881-1955) Discovering an effective tuberculosis treatment: Sir John Crofton in the 1950s Primary creator of the artificial kidney (Professor Kenneth Lowe - Later Queen's physician in Scotland) Developing the first beta-blocker drugs: Sir James W. Black in 1964 Glasgow Coma Scale: Graham Teasdale and Bryan J. Jennett (1974) [edit] Household Innovations The Dewar Flask: Sir James Dewar (1847-1932) The piano with footpedals: John Broadwood (1732-1812) The waterproof macintosh: Charles Macintosh (1766-1843) The kaleidoscope: Sir David Brewster (1781-1868) The modern lawnmower: Alexander Shanks (1801-1845) The Lucifer friction match: Sir Isaac Holden (1807-1897){ Paraffin: James Young (1811-1883) The fountain pen: Robert Thomson (1822-1873) Cotton-reel thread: J & J Clark of Paisley Lime Cordial: Lachlan Rose in 1867 Bovril beef extract: John Lawson Johnston in 1874 The life ring, or personal flotation device: Captain Ward in 1854 Electric clock - Alexander Bain [edit] Weapons Innovations The Ferguson rifle: Patrick Ferguson in 1770 or 1776 The Lee bolt system as used in the Lee-Metford and Lee-Enfield series rifles: James Paris Lee The Ghillie suit Economist Adam Smith; Smith was born in 1723, hailing from Kirkaldy, a Scottish town north of Edinburgh; the 18th century Scot considered to be the father of modern economics; Smith's ``An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations, which argued that minimal government interference in commerce would promote human welfare and alleviate poverty, was published in 1776. He is the first Scotsman to appear on the central bank's currency in England, replacing Elgar's image in the next few years on as many as 1 billion notes. [edit] Miscellaneous innovations The digestive biscuit, invented by McVitie's in Edinburgh in 1892 by Alexander Grant. Boys' Brigade Bank of England Bank of Scotland Bank of France Colour photography: the first known permanent colour photograph was taken by James Clerk Maxwell (1831-1879)

question about my webcam? i installed the micro innovations ic 50 c webcam but when it comes on the picture is all black i tried to adjust it but nothing works what can i do to fix it

Do you think this is childish? Honestly.? Ok so theres this place here called "Portrait Innovations" that looks like a really cool portrait studio. I really like getting my picture taken (i know call me childish, whatever) Anyway. I'm 16 and my boyfriend is 18 and I was thinking about going here to just get like a casual picture between the two of us done. I thought it would be really cute. If you could just explore the website for me and tell me what YOU think i should do that would be great. Thank you, Thank You, Thank you. <3 Kelly. www.portraitinnovations.com

Help! My webcam messed up!!? It was working fine til I went into the settings and i guess i changed something and I don't know what it was but now my cam is showing the picture to be upside down and green!!! I tried setting it back to default...i didn't think i really changed anything cuz i hadn't hit "ok" but now it's all messed up! Can someone help me? It's a Micro Innovations cam but I use it on Veo Stingray software and never had a problem with it. I still have the micro innovations software installed on my computer, but I originally had a veo stingray and lost the cam during my move and bought another one (micro innovations) and I was more familiar with the software for veo so i use it in veo. that's where the changes were made. I think i set the bandwith again too...but not sure...i have DSL speed 100Mbps. HELP!!!!!!!!!! (it's even this way in yahoo messenger!) I tried to uninstall/reinstall...still same problem :( does anyone have the settings to theirs that maybe i can set mine to? If it shows you in true color? It's a Micro Innovations cam, and I've gone on their website to try to get help,l but it's not helping :(

Politicians and their Illusion of Power? Take a look a give your opinion:? Critics accuse libertarians of reveling in government failures. Yes and No. No one is pleased to see the destruction caused by government policies, whether small scale, as when a tighter regulation causes business failures, or large scale, as when wars destroy life for millions. The kernel of truth to the claim is this: the failure of government illustrates something extremely important about the structure of reality that most people are likely to forget. It comes down to this: statesmen and public officials, no matter how powerful they may be, cannot finally control social outcomes. If I might offer a summary of a point emphasized in all of Mises's works: the structure of society and world affairs generally is shaped by human actions, stemming from imaginative human minds working out individual subjective valuations, and their interactions with the material world, which is governed by laws that are beyond human control. What that means is that you and I cannot on our own, even if we have maximum political power, control all of human society, and especially not its economic side. Let's first consider an example from current popular wisdom about the manufacturing base. Many products that were once made in the US – thinking here of televisions, pianos, firecrackers, plastics, and bicycles--are now made in China. This has caused a great deal of alarm--all unwarranted, so far as sound economics is concerned. But let's say we have the ambition to change this social outcome. Anyone is free to build a bicycle and attempt to market it to willing buyers. Let's say you rent some property, hire the workers, acquire all the necessary capital, and then put your bike on sale. In order to cover your costs and make a profit, you find that you must price your bikes above the going market price. Maybe you can persuade people that you have a special product that is better than the others. Or maybe yours will sit on the floor. Or maybe you will have to lower your price and you will find that your revenue does not cover your costs, and you have to go out of business. No matter what you decide, this much is clear: you are not dictating the outcome. You wanted to build bikes, but it is the consuming public that decides whether it is in our interest to do so. There is nothing you have to say about it. You cannot make people fork over the money. I would venture to suggest that you will ultimately come to the conclusion that you should be doing other things besides attempting to keep up with other businesses that have lower labor and capital costs and hence can make a profit through selling goods at much lower prices. But let's say you decide that you don't want to bow to the realities of the market. Instead you lobby Congress to tax everyone who buys a bike from overseas. The tax is high enough that you can continue to charge exorbitant prices for your bikes. You make a profit. But at what expense? The consumers who buy your bikes have less income left over for other pursuits, whether consumption, saving, or investment. The workers you are employing are being kept from other pursuits as well, and the capital you are consuming is not available for other projects. Ultimately, you have skewed the entire economic system in a way that benefits you at everyone else's expense. Others have found a way to do what you are doing much more efficiently, but because you lobbied and got your way, society is prevented from benefiting from others' innovations. And how long must this distorted system last? That you managed to tax everyone to benefit you does nothing to change the reality that others can do what you are doing more cheaply and better. Do workers really want to be employed in an industry that is something of an artifice? Do consumers really want to pay high prices just so that you can continue to indulge in your bike-making passion? Clearly not. At some point, people will catch on to the racket, and find other ways to go about acquiring bikes. Maybe they will exploit loopholes in the law that allow them to import bike parts. An industry of do-it-yourself bike building becomes a threat to your profits. Or perhaps black markets will take over. Or maybe people will turn away from bikes altogether and starting trying out new forms of informal transportation. Skateboards are fitted with handlebars. Gas-powered scooters develop a peddle-only option. The very definition of a bike comes into question. Increasingly, enforcement will have to become ever more onerous. At some point in this game, we face a choice. We can continue to impose an ever more absurd and preposterous system of regulations and protections just so that you can benefit, or we can bow to reality and let in foreign bikes for consumer purchase. Let's say your tariff lasts a year or even ten years. What will it accomplish? In that time, vast resources are wasted. Consumers of all sorts are exploited. Capital is consumed in economically wasteful ways. People are pushed around and the police powers of the state grow. It does society no good at all. My point is that whatever the fate of the so-called manufacturing base, there is nothing in the long run that can be done to turn it in one direction or another. The fate of manufacturing is in the hands of consumers at large, and subject to the laws of economics which no man can repeal. It is the outcome of human choice. Now, the Bush administration has thought otherwise and imposed a huge range of protections to benefit its supporters and people who the administration hoped would become its supporters. The result has been to skew the world economy, hobble markets, delay inevitable transitions, and impose massive social costs. What this example shows is that governments are not omnipotent. Many try to be, and no government is liberal by nature. But there are limits. Governments bump up against human valuations time and again. Even in the highly rarified event of a despotic government that rules a population unanimously in support of despotism, government still bumps up against the structure of the world, which resists control. Let us consider another example. Let us say that government desires a strong dollar. But it still wants to print dollars and ship them around the world. In this case, there is nothing that government can do to insure the dollar’s strength against depreciation. Nothing. This is due to the laws of economics. All else equal, the value of a currency in terms of goods falls as its quantity increases. Governments that desire otherwise can only shake their fist in anger. The same is true domestically. The government wants economic recovery before a recession has fully run its course. It thereby drops interest rates, spends vast amounts of money to gin up demand, and otherwise encourages as much consumption as possible. These tactics can result in some short-term gains but it doesn't work in the long run. These tactics deplete savings and capital and weaken the foundation for solid future growth. The issue of the price of prescription drugs will be a big one in this coming campaign. The problem is high prices. Popular wisdom has it that this is because of the greed of the medical industry. The truth is that these high prices are partly a result of subsidized demand due to Medicare and Medicaid, as well as the restricted supply due to patent laws. In other words, the political class is responsible for the high prices. It's true that the pharmaceutical industry is not complaining. In fact, high prices are precisely what its friends in government want to bring about. They may regret that the poor have to pay the higher prices, but not enough to do anything substantive about it. Prices would plummet today if patents were repealed, free trade (including re-importation) allowed, and subsidized demand ended by the abolition of Medicare and Medicaid. But no one wants to consider that solution, so Congress creates ever more intrusive programs designed to control prices, keeping the prices high enough to satisfy the industry but low enough to reduce the political clamor. The problem is that the government can't have it both ways. It cannot reward its friends with high prices and keep consumers happy at the same time. The current system with its large subsidies is only creating massive new liabilities in programs that cannot be funded in perpetuity without massive tax increases that no one is willing to advocate. Absent tax increases, the only answer is inflation, which taxes us in other ways. One way to think about government is as a rat wandering through a maze with no escape. There is no magic solution to getting around basic economic laws. All lunches must be paid for by someone, prices cannot be both high and low at the same time, and all attempts to coerce generate counter-reactions. In short, there is no alternative universe in which the fantasies of politicians come true. But try telling that to the political class. The last thing they want to hear is that their power is limited, that their will is not a way. They are prone to believe that membership in the political class comes with the privilege of shaping the world to their liking. If you read the social science literature, you find the same error at work on a nearly universal basis. Very rarely does anyone come along and say: great theory but it has nothing to do with reality. You are just playing intellectual games. Socialism was really nothing other than an intellectual game. People from the ancient world to the present conjured up some vision of how they would like the world to work and then advocated a series of measures of how to achieve it. Mises and his generation explained that their vision was fundamentally at odds with reality. In the real world, capital must have price rooted in exchange of private property in order for it to be employed in its highest-valued capacity. It solves nothing to say that everyone should own capital collectively. This was the equivalent of pointing out that the Emperor was wearing no clothes. In some ways, what we do as commentators on economic affairs is to follow this model again and again. The other day, a candidate for president suggested that the answer to our economic woes was more regulation. He had it all figured out in his mind. Immediately, free-market economists from all over the world joined forces to point out that his goal of higher economic productivity could not be achieved this way. It was an unwelcome message but one necessary to deliver regardless. The experience of Iraq has provided myriad examples of the same. The US wants to pump oil. It wants to start factories, stores, and commerce generally. But it refuses to put private owners in charge. As a result, all its military muscle has amounted to very little at great expense. It is a classic example of how governments fail when they try to fight against forces they cannot control. Factories in Iraq that have gone into operation have done so without support of the occupying government. And think of the war generally. At the outset, the visionaries in the Bush administration imagined that Iraq was really a very simple problem to solve. It only needed to be decapitated and the magic dust of the US presence would otherwise create an orderly and prosperous society that would be a model for the region. The reality hit. Crime was unleashed. Feuding political factions clamored for control. Production stopped. Society flew into chaos. This was not because of the absence of the political leadership. It was because of the presence of foreign martial law in a country that was seething in resentment against the US. Time and again, we have seen evidence that the Iraq war only accomplished the opposite of its aims. Its purpose was to find weapons, punish terrorism, and bring order to the region. Instead it has fueled terrorism and brought new levels of disorder to the region. Not having done that, the war is then re-defined in terms that reflect whatever government has done: namely to toss out and capture Saddam, In this sense, the war was like any other government program: bringing about the opposite of its stated intentions and doing so at greater expense. Thus do we see the intersection between foreign and domestic policy. Government is famously ham-handed at home and similarly incompetent abroad. No matter how much government claims that it is master of the universe, it constantly confronts forces beyond its control. In all the talk of the calamity of this war, never forget the broader picture: what an incredible opportunity was squandered after the end of the Cold War. The US had emerged as the universally acknowledged ideological victor in that forty-year struggle. That the Cold War was not actually an ideological struggle so much as a classic standoff between two empires is irrelevant for understanding the implications of this fact: totalitarian communism collapsed while the free economic system of the market remained standing in total triumph. The world was ready for a new period of genuine liberalism, and looking to the US. On the verge of an amazing period of technological advance, we were perfectly situated to lead the way. There had never been a time in US history when George Washington's foreign policy made more sense. A beacon of liberty. Trade with all, belligerence toward none. Commercial engagement with everyone, political engagement with as few as possible. The hand of friendship. Good will. This was the prescription for peace and freedom. It was within our grasp. Our children might have grown up in a world without major political violence. A world of peace and plenty. It could have been. But it was not to be, mainly because George W.'s father decided that he wanted to go down in the history books for doing something big and important. What else but war? The US was now the world's only superpower and itching for some fight somewhere. It's a bit like a playground filled with wimps and one boy with a black belt in karate who never absorbed the lesson in how and where to use his fighting skills. And then there was this oil-drilling dispute between Iraq and Kuwait, and Bush decided to intervene. Twelve years later, the US is still there, causing unrelenting havoc for those poor people. Here at home we are given constant examples of the huge gulf that separates government's perceptions of itself versus the reality. The Bush administration wanted to give the steel industry a boost. The administration established tariffs, which amounts to a tax on all consumers of steel. American manufacturers faced a choice of paying the tax to buy imported steel or paying the higher prices for domestic steel. Those who could do neither had to cut back production and hiring in other areas. Other consumers had to pay higher prices, which diverted income from other pursuits. As for the steel industry itself, the tariffs did nothing to help it achieve greater efficiency, which is the only way to deal with more efficient competitors. They only ended up subsidizing inefficiency. Even then, it wasn't enough. During the period of tariffs, the industry dramatically consolidated in order to become more efficient in other ways. Once faced with the prospect of trade wars, the ultimate cost of protectionism, the Bush administration pulled back and repealed the new tariffs, thereby landing the industry in exactly the same predicament it was in before the tariffs were past. As for commercial society as a whole, it paid dramatically higher steel costs, and faced sporadic shortages, for absolutely no reason. Faced with failure on every front, the Bush administration did the right thing and repealed the tariffs. Not that it was honest about the failure. Instead it claimed its policy worked so well that it could now repeal it. This is like a physician prescribing poison and then changing his mind. He can't but try to put the best spin on it, I suppose. But what a beautiful example of the powerlessness of government this is! The Bush administration wanted to save American industry and only ended up vastly raising the costs of doing all forms of business. More cutbacks are inevitable as steel production shifts to other countries and the US finds its comparative advantage elsewhere. Much legislative energy is poured into helping some groups gain favorable treatment in the workplace. I'm thinking here of the usual litany of victim groups as identified according to race, ability, sex, national origin, religion, and the like. Have these laws actually helped the group in question? The results are mixed at best. If you send people out into the workforce with a high price attached to their heads – and the prospect of a lawsuit is a very high price indeed – you only make employers less likely to hire them. I don’t doubt that some people have been helped by these laws, but they are not the people most in need of help. Today, the disabled, blacks, women, and religious minorities go in search of jobs with a major problem: employers fear them on the margin, and, on the margin, are less likely to hire them relative to others, provided they can get away with it. It is the least qualified among them who pay the highest price. A good test case is disability: it is a documented fact that unemployment among the truly disabled is higher today than it was when the Americans with Disabilities Act was passed. Because libertarians know in advance that government policies are destructive, we tend to focus our editorial energy on pointing to its destructive effects. But in our zeal to draw attention to issues others ignore, let us not forget the bigger picture. There are always limits to what the government can do, and the government's destruction is always accompanied by examples of great creativity on the part of the market. Even as government dominates the headlines, private entrepreneurs are busy every day working to improve products and services that improve our lives. They do it without taxing us or regulating us, or making us suffer through tedious elections or political debates. They make their products and offer them to us in a way that pleases the consuming public the most. We can choose whether we want them or not. Consider the success of Wal-Mart. If government had set out to create a volume discounter that made a world of material goods and groceries available to the multitude in all countries, it might have tried for a thousand years and not created anything resembling this company. Even the military has relented and now routinely points its employees not to its on-base stores but to Wal-Mart, Office Depot, and others for the best prices. Foreign development aid is another example. It took decades to get the message across, but today finance ministers in the developing world understand that they have far more to gain through integration into the world economy than from development aid and all the restrictive policies that come with it. Today, as Sudha Shenoy points out, the largest resistance to new trade deals comes from the developing world, not because they don't want trade but because they desire trade without the labor and environmental controls the US demands. The same is true in the area of communications. In the last century, governments aspired to control them all: the phones, the mails, the media. Today, we see that government, in practice, controls very little of the communications industry, despite every attempt to hobble private enterprise. In that same vein, a major issue for everyone these days are computer viruses and spam, which threaten to make our chief mode of communication less reliable. Congress passes ineffectual legislation against spam and viruses, while private enterprise has given us dozens of means of winning the battle. Private enterprise creates; government destroys. That is the great economic lesson of our times and all times. Of course there is one way in which government never fails. It can loot. It can gain footholds into society's command centers. It can punish enemies. It can even indoctrinate people in its preferred vision of the world through propaganda. This is the best way to understand the public school system. It doesn't work to educate but it does work to transfer vast sums from the private to the public sector. And here too, we see the power of private enterprise: booster clubs in public schools represent a de facto source of privatization, and the clubs and groups connected to them are the only really successful things going on in public school. We’ll hear much in the coming months about all the wonderful reforms politicians are going to bring us. This is the time when politicians vie for our allegiance by telling all about their ideas and vision for the future. As usual, they will parse their words in ways to maximize the numbers of people who are persuaded and minimize the amount of trouble they get into for inadvertently telling people something they don't want to hear. As an aside, whoever came up with this idea of a mass democracy just wasn't thinking things through very clearly. Nothing runs well by majority vote, to say nothing of the fact that a truly free society shouldn't be "run" at all; it works on its own without would-be masters-and-commanders grasping at the helm. Let me then offer to you my own top ten list of political lies you are told, all designed to make you believe that government should have more power than it already has, so that it can create more of the disasters we are accustomed to: 10. My new program will generate jobs. Truth: only the market generates jobs on net. 9. My education program will reform schools so that they leave no child behind. Truth: the public schools do not work for the same reason no government program can work. They exist outside the market economy. 8. My program will save industry x. Truth: industry must be part of the market or else it is not really industry at all. 7. I won't raise your taxes but I will pass lots of new programs: Truth: all programs must be paid for. 6. As president, I will pursue a humble foreign policy. Truth: nothing in the office of the president encourages humility. 5. This war is humanitarian and winnable. Truth: war is nothing but a government program on a massively destructive scale, and just as error prone. 4. My reform will bring market-based competition. Be on the lookout for this lie, which market partisans are likely to believe. There is only one kind of genuine market, and it is rooted in private property and nothing else. 3. We will secure the nation. Truth: government cannot provide security better than markets, any more than it can provide food or houses better than the market. 2. Government is compassionate. Truth: men who seek power over the lives of others are the coldest, cruelest humans of all. 1. You can't love your country and hate your government. Truth: A person who loves his country loves liberty first. One hundred years from now, the great story of the latter part of the 20th century and the first part of the 21st century will be the vast improvements in life wrought by technology. Consider the web, the cell phone, the PDA, the affordable laptop computer, advances in medicine, and the spread of prosperity to all corners of the globe. What has government had to do with this? The answer is: nothing contributory. It has worked only to impede progress, and we can only be thankful that it hasn't succeeded. Through all of human history, governments have caused frightening levels of bloodshed and horror, but in the end, what has prevailed is not power but the market economy. Even today governments can only play catch-up. This is because of the reasons that Mises outlined. Government cannot control the human mind, so it cannot, in the long run, control the choices people make. It cannot control economic forces, which are a far more powerful and permanent feature of the world than any government anyway. Governments have a propensity to overreach in so many areas of life that their exercise of power itself leads to their own undoing. The overreach can take many forms: financial, economic, social, and military. In this way, and with enough passion for liberty burning in the hearts of the citizenry, governments can be responsible for their own undoing. It comes about as a result of overestimating the capacity of power and underestimating its limits. I believe this is happening in our time. It may not be obvious when taking the broad view, but when you look at the status of a huge range of government programs and institutions, what you see is a government that is at once enormously powerful and rich, but also fragile and teetering on the brink of bankruptcy. Events of the last year indicate just how far the government has slipped in its ability to manage the economy, society, culture, and world order. Despite the exalted status of the state today, the vast and sprawling empire called the US government may in fact be less healthy than it ever has been. A few months back, we had a special speaker come to Auburn, probably the most famous man who has visited us since the Country and Western star Alan Jackson was in town. He was Mikhail Gorbachev, a very interesting figure in the history of nations. He came to power with the reputation of a reformer and instituted many reforms that were designed not to give more liberty to the people, but to stop the unraveling of an empire before it was too late. But it was too late. All his talk of perestroika and glasnost couldn't fool the people, who had become convinced that the Soviet machine was something of a hoax. The empire unraveled not because of him, but despite his efforts to save it. When it came time to make the critical decision of whether to try to hold the empire together by more and more force, or not, history had already made the choice for him. The empire dissolved in the blink of an eye. Not too many months later, he was out of a job, not because he was recalled in some formal process, but because the forces of history had run him over. Democratic governments are not immune from the forces of history that overthrew Soviet tyranny. All governments overreach and no government is permanent. So let us fear government but not exaggerate its powers. It can cause enormous damage and it must always be fought. But in this struggle, we are on the right side of history. The power of human choice, aided by the logic of economics and the laws that operate without any bureaucrat's permission, are our source of hope for the future. _______________________________ Llewellyn H. Rockwell http://www.mises.org/story/1396

Getting our pictures taken...what to wear? Hello! I am 21 and my sister is 16 and for a christmas gift to my parents we are getting our pictures taken. The last time we had our pictures taken together, in a studio setting, I was 15. I think we are getting them done at our local Portrait Innovations. What is your advice for us to wear? BTW I am a brunette with blonde highlights and she is a redhead...so we need something that is going to compliment both of our hair and skin colors. Any Advice?? Oh and these are more casual pictures...

What's your favorite Gadget? My wife and I have recently loaded up on gadgets and I'm curious what some of the favorites are out there. For me, my favorites would be in this order: DVR - watch any show I want at my convenience Ipod - for the videos and music capabilities Roomba - lets me be lazy & keeps the carpets spotless Wii - Love the innovation. Good party gaming system High Definition - Amazing picture, just need more channels GPS - keeps me from getting lost

Sisters getting pictures taken...what to wear? Hello! I am 21 and my sister is 16 and for a christmas gift to my parents we are getting our pictures taken. The last time we had our pictures taken together, in a studio setting, I was 15. I think we are getting them done at our local Portrait Innovations. What is your advice for us to wear? BTW I am a brunette with blonde highlights and she is a redhead...so we need something that is going to compliment both of our hair and skin colors. Any Advice??

Keyboard help.... Hot keys, Weird combinations? I have a micro innovations keyboard Model Number KB730...My other keyboard got toasted with a cat and a glass of water... anyways.... It has all these hotkeys with word excel back forward refresh, etc. and in the function keys it has pictures for help new open save, etc... on the sides it has f1 f2... but... They really dont perform their functions as a regular keyboard does... And the print screen button, which is vital to me does not work it tries to print the page... Any assistance is appreciated.

Don't you all agree that sci-fi can really helps create something into realistic? I have receive an article with pictures,regarding the new Benz car.The invention and innovation of the product from an unrealistic imagination now become realistic.Everyone can run the engine by using joysticks!!!!Wow!!!It's really incredible.Who knows?Maybe Time Machine will also become real in nealy future...? Nothing is really impossible living on earth,Right???!!!

videogame question please help!

Child/Family Pictures? Where do you like to go to have professional portraits made? How often do you get portraits of your family and/or children? In the past, we have used Sears and JC Penney. We tried Wal Mart twice, but the first time they refused to take the photos because my daughter would not wake and the second time the pictures were just BAD. We love Sears and Penney, but now we may use a place called Portrait Innovations because we have seen and heard great things about them. We are expecting our third child next month, and plan to have family portraits made this Christmas. We initially planned to do that yearly, but it has been several years since we had them done last. I usually just take a lot of candid photos.

I need help with my webcam!!? It is a CM10401 Micro Innovations (Sunplus SPCA561) basic webcam and I'm trying to use it on my Windows XP home PC. I have used the webcam on this computer before and it worked fine. I unhooked it and didn't use it for some time and now that I'm trying to use it again, it doesn't work the same. The picture is all blurry/ cloudy (I can barely make out my appearance) and I've tried cleaning the lense and adjusting the focus ring and nothing seems to work. Is it possible that my focus ring is broken?? If so, how do I fix that?? I've installed and uninstalled numerous drivers and STILL nothing takes the blurriness away. The camera is hooked up properly to a USB port and the lighting is fine. Can someone PLEASE help me??

game camera whiteouts? I just bought this game camera today and i tried it in a room that was completely dark. It took pictures and when i looked at them on my computer they are just blank. the same exact thing happened to my old camera and thats why i bought this one. This is the camera i bought http://www.leapoutdoorsstore.com/servlet/the-233/Wildgame-Innovations-Timber-Eye/Detail

Where are we going? When this question was typed there were, 38165 people who had more or less similar questions. I don't have the time to look through all those number of questions, and I believe that my question is different (well, somehow). The past millennium has both seen the destruction and development of mankind. Wars, famine, environmental destruction were all part of the scene. But so has been technological progress, innovation in all areas of living, and improvement in the quality of life. As we move forward as a race of humans, where are we headed after experiencing all those things? Is history bound to repeat itself? Is there destruction in the future? Or should we look forward to paradise? It would have been better were things in black and white, but alas, things are in shades of gray. Surely, it will be a mixture of all those things, but could you paint that picture in words?

PLZZZZZZZZZZZZ HELP!!!!!!!!? I have spent a really long time looking for the correct answers to these questions!! Can someone plz give me the correct answers because I have tons of other homework to do and if I don't turn this in by tommorrow then I will probably get an "F" on my report card!!!! Thx so much!!!!!! 1.) The “rebirth” that took place during the Renaissance occurred in many fields including all of the following except: Architecture Government Art All of these fields and more experienced a “rebirth”. 2.) Where did the Renaissance first develop? France The Netherlands Italy Southern England 3.) One of the most influential innovations in painting was the ability to show ________ in a picture. the natural world perspective bright colors women 4.) Why was the printing press such an important invention? Its invention meant that books no longer had to be written by hand, lowering their cost. Its invention meant that books became available to more people. It inspired people to learn to read, ask questions, and explore. All of the above. 5.) Which features enabled the Renaissance to develop in Italy? Central European location Network of roads Wealth from trade All of the above 6.) Which of the following artists/works is paired CORRECTLY? Raphael and The School of Athens Botticelli and The Calling of St. Matthew Michelangelo and Mona Lisa da Vinci and The Night Watch 7.) The differences between a medieval craftsman and a renaissance artist can be summarized as: There are no important differences between how a renaissance artist and a medieval craftsman worked. The only significant difference concerned the role of the Catholic Church. The most important significant changes dealt with materials. The most significant changes dealt with materials, work rules, and artistic control. 8.) A humanist was most likely to study Grammar Philosophy Ancient civilizations All of the above 9.) In general, most women in Renaissance Europe were treated as equals to men. patrons of the arts. treated as inferior to men. highly educated. 10.) Which of the following works of art would be a prime example of the changing focus in Renaissance art? Raphael's School of Athens Vincenzo's Italy's Dawn Landau's Lakes of Grass da Vinci's Statue of Daniel

history study guide help? 1.What does the term 'Renaissance' mean? a) life b)death c) resurrection d) rebirth 2. Where did the Renaissance first develop? a) France b) The Netherlands c) Italy d) Southern England 3. One of the most influential innovations in painting was the ability to show ________ in a picture. a) the natural world b) perspective c) bright colors d) women 4. What Renaissance invention is often called the most important invention of modern times? a) Flying buttress b) Printing press c)Lever d) Fresco painting 5. Which features enabled the Renaissance to develop in Italy? a) Central European location b) Network on roads c) Wealth from trade d) All of the above 6. Which of the following artists/works is paired CORRECTLY? a) Raphael and The School of Athens b) Botticelli and The Calling of St. Matthew c) Michelangelo and Mona Lisa d)da Vinci and The Night Watch PLEASE NO RUDE COMMENTS, I JUST NEED HELP GETTING READY FOR A TEST.

Good price/deal or not?? I went to portrait innovations and got daughters3 month pics. I spent 89.49. The special package was9.95, with 10 by 13, two 8 by 10s, and 4 5 by 7s, four 3 by 5s, and36 wallets. Then I ordered 3 additional poses that came with 3 sheets size of your choice. I also got free pic cd, 6 free greeting cards with pic, and free 10 by 13 picture calender. So is 89.49 a good deal. I havent ever been there and never bought any additional packages at other places.

wht do u think bout this ppl? From coffee to cheques and the three-course meal, the Muslim world has given us many innovations that we in the West take for granted. Here are 20 of their most influential innovations: (1) The story goes that an Arab named Khalid was tending his goats in the Kaffa region of southern Ethiopia, when he noticed his animals became livelier after eating a certain berry. He boiled the berries to make the first coffee. Certainly the first record of the drink is of beans exported from Ethiopia to Yemen where Sufis drank it to stay awake all night to pray on special occasions. By the late 15th century it had arrived in Makkah and Turkey from where it made its way to Venice in 1645. It was brought to England in 1650 by a Turk named Pasqua Rosee who opened the first coffee house in Lombard Street in the City of London. The Arabic “qahwa” became the Turkish “kahve” then the Italian “caffé” and then English “coffee”. (2) The ancient Greeks thought our eyes emitted rays, like a laser, which enabled us to see. The first person to realise that light enters the eye, rather than leaving it, was the 10th-century Muslim mathematician, astronomer and physicist Ibn al-Haitham. He invented the first pin-hole camera after noticing the way light came through a hole in window shutters. The smaller the hole, the better the picture, he worked out, and set up the first Camera Obscura (from the Arab word “qamara” for a dark or private room). He is also credited with being the first man to shift physics from a philosophical activity to an experimental one. (3) A form of chess was played in ancient India but the game was developed into the form we know it today in Persia. From there it spread westward to Europe — where it was introduced by the Moors in Spain in the 10th century — and eastward as far as Japan. The word “rook” comes from the Persian “rukh”, which means chariot. (4) A thousand years before the Wright brothers, a Muslim poet, astronomer, musician and engineer named Abbas ibn Firnas made several attempts to construct a flying machine. In 852 he jumped from the minaret of the Grand Mosque in Cordoba using a loose cloak stiffened with wooden struts. He hoped to glide like a bird. He didn’t. But the cloak slowed his fall, creating what is thought to be the first parachute, and leaving him with only minor injuries. In 875, aged 70, having perfected a machine of silk and eagles’ feathers he tried again, jumping from a mountain. He flew to a significant height and stayed aloft for ten minutes but crashed on landing — concluding, correctly, that it was because he had not given his device a tail so it would stall on landing. Baghdad international airport and a crater on the Moon are named after him. (5) Washing and bathing are religious requirements for Muslims, which is perhaps why they perfected the recipe for soap which we still use today. The ancient Egyptians had soap of a kind, as did the Romans who used it more as a pomade. But it was the Arabs who combined vegetable oils with sodium hydroxide and aromatics such as thyme oil. One of the Crusaders’ most striking characteristics, to Arab nostrils, was that they did not wash. Shampoo was introduced to England by a Muslim who opened Mahomed’s Indian Vapour Baths on Brighton seafront in 1759 and was appointed Shampooing Surgeon to Kings George IV and William IV. (6) Distillation, the means of separating liquids through differences in their boiling points, was invented around the year 800 by Islam’s foremost scientist, Jabir ibn Hayyan, who transformed alchemy into chemistry, inventing many of the basic processes and apparatus still in use today — liquefaction, crystallisation, distillation, purification, oxidisation, evaporation and filtration. As well as discovering sulphuric and nitric acid, he invented the alembic still, giving the world intense rosewater and other perfumes and alcoholic spirits (although drinking them forbidden, in Islam). Ibn Hayyan emphasised systematic experimentation and was the founder of modern chemistry. (7) The crank-shaft is a device which translates rotary into linear motion and is central to much of the machinery in the modern world, not least the internal combustion engine. One of the most important mechanical inventions in the history of humankind, it was created by an ingenious Muslim engineer called al-Jazari to raise water for irrigation. His Book of Knowledge of Ingenious Mechanical Devices (1206) shows he also invented or refined the use of valves and pistons, devised some of the first mechanical clocks driven by water and weights, and was the father of robotics. Among his 50 other inventions was the combination lock. (8) Quilting is a method of sewing or tying two layers of cloth with a layer of insulating material in between. It is not clear whether it was invented in the Muslim world or whether it was imported there from India or China. However, it certainly came to the West via the Crusaders. They saw it used by Saracen warriors, who wore straw-filled quilted canvas shirts instead of armour. As well as a form of protection, it proved an effective guard against the chafing of the Crusaders’ metal armour and was an effective form of insulation — so much so that it became a cottage industry back home in colder climates such as Britain and Holland. (9) The pointed arch so characteristic of Europe’s Gothic cathedrals was an invention borrowed from Islamic architecture. It was much stronger than the rounded arch used by the Romans and Normans, thus allowing the building of bigger, higher, more complex and grander buildings. Other borrowings from Muslim genius included ribbed vaulting, rose windows and dome-building techniques. Europe’s castles were also adapted to copy the Islamic world’s — with arrow slits, battlements, a barbican and parapets. Square towers and keeps gave way to more easily defended round ones. The architect of Henry V’s castle was a Muslim. (10) Many modern surgical instruments are of exactly the same design as those devised in the 10th century by a Muslim surgeon called al-Zahrawi. His scalpels, bone saws, forceps, fine scissors for eye surgery and many of the 200 instruments he devised are recognisable to a modern surgeon. It was he who discovered that catgut used for internal stitches dissolves away naturally (a discovery he made when his monkey ate his lute strings) and that it can be also used to make medicine capsules. In the 13th century, another Muslim medic named Ibn Nafis described the circulation of the blood, 300 years before William Harvey discovered it. Muslim doctors also invented anaesthetics of opium and alcohol mixes and developed hollow needles to suck cataracts from eyes in a technique still used today. (11) The windmill was invented in 634 for a Persian caliph and was used to grind corn and draw up water for irrigation. In the vast deserts of Arabia, when the seasonal streams ran dry, the only source of power was the wind which blew steadily from one direction for months. Mills had six or 12 sails covered in fabric or palm leaves. It was 500 years before the first windmill was seen in Europe. (12) The technique of inoculation was not invented by Jenner and Pasteur but was devised in the Muslim world and brought to Europe from Turkey by the wife of the English ambassador to Istanbul in 1724. Children in Turkey were vaccinated with cowpox to fight the deadly smallpox at least 50 years before the West discovered it. (13) The fountain pen was invented for the Sultan of Egypt in 953 after he demanded a pen which would not stain his hands or clothes. It held ink in a reservoir and, as with modern pens, fed ink to the nib by a combination of gravity and capillary action. (14) The system of numbering in use all round the world is probably Indian in origin but the style of the numerals is Arabic and first appears in print in the work of the Muslim mathematicians al-Khwarizmi and al-Kindi around 825. Algebra was named after al-Khwarizmi’ s book, Al-Jabr wa-al-Muqabilah, much of whose contents are still in use. The work of Muslim maths scholars was imported into Europe 300 years later by the Italian mathematician Fibonacci. Algorithms and much of the theory of trigonometry came from the Muslim world. And Al-Kindi’s discovery of frequency analysis rendered all the codes of the ancient world soluble and created the basis of modern cryptology. (15) Ali ibn Nafi, known by his nickname of Ziryab (Blackbird) came from Iraq to Cordoba in the 9th century and brought with him the concept of the three-course meal — soup, followed by fish or meat, then fruit and nuts. He also introduced crystal glasses (which had been invented after experiments with rock crystal by Abbas ibn Firnas). (16) Carpets were regarded as part of paradise by mediaeval Muslims, thanks to their advanced weaving techniques, new tinctures from Islamic chemistry and highly developed sense of pattern and arabesque which were the basis of Islam’s non-representationa l art. In contrast, Europe’s floors were distinctly earthly, not to say earthy, until Arabian and Persian carpets were introduced. In England, as Erasmus recorded, floors were “covered in rushes, occasionally renewed, but so imperfectly that the bottom layer is left undisturbed, sometimes for 20 years, harbouring expectoration, vomiting, the leakage of dogs and men, ale droppings, scraps of fish, and other abominations not fit to be mentioned”. Carpets, unsurprisingly, caught on quickly. (17) The modern cheque comes from the Arabic “saqq”, a written vow to pay for goods when they were delivered, to avoid money having to be transported across dangerous terrain. In the 9th century, a Muslim businessman could cash a cheque in China drawn on his bank in Baghdad. (18) By the 9th century, many Muslim scholars took it for granted that the Earth was a sphere. The proof, said astronomer Ibn Hazm, “is that the Sun is always vertical to a particular spot on Earth”. It was 500 years before that realisation dawned on Galileo. The calculations of Muslim astronomers were so accurate that in the 9th century they reckoned the Earth’s circumference to be 40, 253.4km — less than 200km out. Al-Idrisi took a globe depicting the world to the court of King Roger of Sicily in 1139. (19) Though the Chinese invented saltpetre gunpowder, and used it in their fireworks, it was the Arabs who worked out that it could be purified using potassium nitrate for military use. Muslim incendiary devices terrified the Crusaders. By the 15th century they had invented both a rocket, which they called a “self-moving and combusting egg”, and a torpedo — a self-propelled pear-shaped bomb with a spear at the front which impaled itself in enemy ships and then blew up. (20) Mediaeval Europe had kitchen and herb gardens, but it was the Arabs who developed the idea of the garden as a place of beauty and meditation. The first royal pleasure gardens in Europe were opened in 11th-century Muslim Spain. Flowers which originated in Muslim gardens include the carnation and the tulip

I have made a small improvement in memory learning. Is it worth registering as an innovation? CONTINUED BELOW… I have made a small or you can say minor achievement in improving anyone’s memory for learning abstract things. I have read courses of Harry Lorayne but with all due respect though his memory methods have with no doubt assisted in learning visible lists it has certain drawbacks. For e.g. car, ice, train and keyboard can be remembered but not car, ice, train, car (repeat), wallet, law (invisible), letter, train (repeat) and keyboard. If you have gone through memory sites they would have taught you to memorize them by making stupid associations but what if the words like 1.) car & 2.) train in the second list which are repeated & can be confused with 1.) ice & wallet for car & 2.) car & keyboard for train respectively. Also, word law is difficult to visualize & making picture of a cop or lawyer may mean many things which maybe confusing. The method which I developed has made slight improvements over these shortcomings. Is it worth registering as an innovation? Please guide me. CONTINUED. I am in New Delhi, India and if this small achievement is worth to any memory experts like the gentleman (memory expert) Harry Lorayne then I would be glad to allow him to use it and improve his methods by editing his book or formulating another course. I have no intention of challenging any respected person’s knowledge but it happens that people develop the major parts but minor areas remain undeveloped & if my method proves to be beneficial to a certain extent then I think is worth registering. I have also tested my method and I honestly think that it was indeed beneficial to some extent. Therefore, I went to this gentlemen’s (Harry Lorayne) website at http://www.harrylorayne.com but when I click on the e-mail it opens yahoo mail where it asks me to sign in and after signing it just shows the page which I usually see when I open my mail account. SO, MY SECOND QUERY is that if anybody knows about the contact details of Mr. Harry Lorayne then can you forward it to me please? Thank you.

Do you find the IM chat room experience to be...UNDER-whelming? I am a big proponent of internet-based communications but the one area I find least value-added would be chat rooms. Not text chat between friends or families...just chat rooms where strangers IM one another. Invariably, someone contacts me with the "asl" question first (age/sex/location). Then they want to see your image on webcam if you have one. Then if they have a display picture, it is frequently some gorgeous model that is not them. And what is usually behind it? Some Nigerian trying to scam me, some Asian young gal looking for an American husband to import her, or some a sex-cam gal trying to get you to lay down a credit card and watch her for money. These chat rooms have become so over-run with scammers and hustlers, I rarely go there anymore. And I do fear for our young people who get suckered in (e.g. internet predators). Are you sick of it too? Chat rooms are nice innovations, but based on what populates them, what does this say about society or people in general?

Minor signs of Qiyaamah-Islam will remain only in name? Consider these minor signs from the sayings of RasoolUllah (s.a.w): The courtyards of Masjids will be built beautifully and high mimbars (pulpits) will be erected. Hypocrites will be in control of the affairs of the community and evil, immoral people will be at the helm of business establishments. Hadhrat All (R.A.) says Rasulullah (Sallallahu Alayhi Wasallam) said: "A time is soon to come when Islam will remain only by name, and the Qur'aan will exist only in words. People will erect large and beautiful Masjids, but these Masjids will lack guidance and be deserted. The worst creation below the skies will be the Ulama-e-Sooʼ. Great Fitna (evils) will emanate from them and they themselves will promote fitna and they will be the center of Fitna. There will be a scarcity of (Islamic) knowledge and an increase in evil and anarchy. Then there will also come a time upon the Ummat when people will recite the Qur'aan, but it will not go further than their throats, (into their hearts, i.e. they will not be affected by it). Then that time will also come when a Mushrik and Muʼmin will debate on the Tauheed (Oneness) of Allah. The disappearance of knowledge and the appearance of ignorance, with much killing; The Mahdi, one of my children, comes into being, by the blessing of God, upon the approach of the Day of Judgment; the weakening of the believers' hearts because of death, hunger, fitna and the disappearance of the Sunnah; and the emergence of innovations and the loss of means by which to enjoin the right and forbid the wrong. A time will come when the Qur'an will remain only with its picture,(will not be acted upon) and Islam will remain only in name. Despite being the people who are most distant to Islam, they will be given Islamic names, and though prosperous in appearance, their mosques will be in ruins in the sense of guidance. (al-Hakim, ad-Daylami) Q: Is that time now? Your thoughts please. (Muslims only)

Need some ideas on what baby should wear? So I plan on taking my 6 month old son to take some studio pictures. Most likely we're going to Portrait Innovations. The problem is I don't know what he should wear. Yes, I know, he should wear clothes and a diaper. But I mean style-wise, how should I dress him up? I know I'm making quite a big deal out of it. I'm a first time mom and I'm just over excited and over worried about everything to do with my baby. Plus, if I'm going to pay for these pictures, I want him to look his best! How did you decide on what your baby should wear to take pictures?

Michelangelo Buonarroti (Renaissance artist)? hey does anyone know a lot about Michelangelo? I need some help: - what was considered so special about his work? (how was it different or similar from other artists of the Renaissance period?) - what was his personal life like? - what new techniques or innovations did Michelangelo incorporate into his artwork? and i think that's all i need...i already found most of the info i need...if u have some really good websites or pictures of his work, that would be appreciated also! Thanks in advance! ♥

What should i add to this speech outline? i have to write a speech outline about thomas edison. Here is the WORK section of my outline what do you think i should add to it. here it is so far. Work: Edison's major innovation was the first industrial research lab, which was built in Menlo Park, New Jersey. It was the first institution set up with the specific purpose of producing constant technological innovation and improvement was reffered to as the wizard of menlo park, because at that time people really didn't understand science. Notable inventions:phonograph, electric pen, durable incandescent light bulb, quadruplex telegraphy, electromagnetic ore separation, motion pictures. . Without these basic things, our modern day world wouldn't be so modern. and i know this is not really an outline but it will be but is this enough for this last section i talk about?

Digital SLR? I'm a tech buff who can't make decisions. I love aviation and I want to get into plane spotting and love to take videos and pictures of exterior and inflight pictures/videos of planes. The guy who made this video: http://youtube.com/watch?v=4X5bPZcfFOo said he had a Fuji Finepix S9100. The sound was EXACTLY like a real flight and the video had good quality. I want the same quality but don't want a Fuji, Pentax, Kodak, or Panasonic camera, as I don't have faith in those brands. My favourite brands in order are Nikon, Sony, and Canon. I want to spend under $500, and eBay is totally awesome with me. I like the Nikon D80, but it's way too expensive, and thought that the Sony DSC-H9 and Canon S5 IS sounded good. I'm only thirteen, but LOVE photography, am responsible, and extremely intelligent to technology and innovation. So basically, I want a very solid, higher-line SLR camera that will be the start of proffesional photography. What is the smartest choice between the two and others? Thx I don't want a camera like the Canon G9, I want a dSLR or SLR camera. Sorry Edwin!!! Not 35mm! I want a digital one!!! And I won't buy it used.

Need some help with fish tank lighting? Hey guys, i recently ran into this thing on a website it's a lighting system for the fish tank that works with a few led lights that imitates the moonlight at night... it brings a little computer system that connects to the lights and turns on and off from dusk to dawn and imitates the moon cycle. I saw a couple pictures of it on the site and it looked really good and very nice, i'm just wondering if this kind of light actually has any benefits to the fish. They say there that this light helps with the fish's biological clock or something, just want to know if there's any truth to that. Thank you. p.s. Here's the website, if u're interested in looking at it. http://www.fishbowl-innovations.com/product/controller

Is This More Proof That Self-Deportation Of Illegal Immigrants Will Work When ? Is this just another example of what needs to be done? If we make employer's follow the law we wont have any worries about having to round them up. They will go home on there own and apply the right way to get into the US. Agree Y/N? I am not aware of anyone who would track that locally," said Glen Solier, business development specialist for the Lee County Department of Economic Development. "Those people are off the grid. Undocumented," said Susanna Patterson, economic analyst for the Florida Agency for Workforce Innovation. But the oh-so-human snapshots of everyday living are revealing. Like a weekend soccer league down from 32 teams to 25 because more than 100 players have had to leave. Or a church that has cut two Sunday services to one because about 200 former members have returned to their homeland. Or the western-wear clothier who gave up one of his three shopping center units and said business is off by 40 percent because customers are gone. Put these and other pictures together and the collage tells the story of Hispanics who are leaving Southwest Florida to find work or to return to the support of their families back home. http://www.news-press.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20080309/NEWS01/803090424/1002

***PRO LOGO***London 2012 Olympic logo? the second someone tries to do something interesting in this god forsaken world you all jump on them like paranas. as soon as there is a slight change you all shake your heads and critisize. i think this logo is brilliant, its completly different to anything an amateaur would think up. just look at those amateur designs http://newsvote.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/in_pictures/6722205.stm ooh great, big ben, the london eye, the tube. wow how origional (sarcasm) at least these guys came up with something unique and individual. here lies the first thing wrong with this country. we all wine and moan about being a nanny state and cctv and oyester cards. then someone takes a risk, someone with authority takes a risk or makes a change, and we dont like it. we dont want change or innovation. we want everything to be the same and carry on being the same until we are engulfed by our own self pity are there any sane people out there who are with me?

Are we all brainwashed by advertising? Take a minute to consider this before answering. Whether it be conscious or sub-conscious- we absorb what we see and hear. Simple as that. Picture yourself watching your all-time favorite television program- you absorb every word of that show, right? You get involved in the plot and dialogue and wonder whats going to happen... and BAM- a commercial comes on. What do you do? You watch the commercials more intently because your brain is focused on the show that you were just watching. You wait in anticipation- your brain taking in everything around it much more thoroughly... What do you think? Advertisements bombard every minute of our lives. The advertising industry has penetrated into every aspect our this society. When I wake up in the morning, the first thing I hear is my radio blaring out the latest ad for Sears or the Penn State Bookstore. At night, the last thing I see is the latest peroxide innovation on the toothpaste tube. What are your thoughts on this topic?

what is the status of Christ in Islam ? Christ in Islam by Ahmed Deedat In the Name of Allah, the Merciful, the Compassionate -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Chapter One : Christian Muslim Responses -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Debate on TV At the end of the debate - "Christianity and Islam" - which appeared on the SABC-TV program "Cross Questions" on Sunday 5th June 1983, the Chairman, Mr. Bill Chalmers commented: "I think it can be said from this discussion that there is, at present, somewhat more accommodation on the Islamic side for the founder of Christianity than there is on the Christian side for the founder of Islam. What the significance of that is, we leave it to you, the viewer, to determine, but I do think you will agree that it is a good thing that we are talking together." "Bill" as he is popularly addressed, without any formalities, on all his programs, by all his panelists, is extremely charming and stupendous in his humility. He is a picture of what the Holy Quran portrays of a good Christian: "...And nearest among them in love to the believers wilt thou find those who say: 'We are Christians': because among these are men devoted to learning and men who have renounced the world. And they are not arrogant." (The Holy Quran 5:82) Jesus - His Status Were the Muslims on the panel trying to placate the viewers out policy, deceit or diplomacy? Nothing of the kind! They were only articulating what God Almighty had commanded them to say in the Holy Quran. As Muslims, they had no choice. They had said in so many words: "We Muslims believe, that Jesus was one of the mightiest messengers of God that he was the Christ, that he was born miraculously without any male intervention (which many modern-day Christians do not believe today), that he gave life to the dead by God's permission and that he healed those born blind and the lepers by god's permission. In fact, no Muslim is a Muslim if he or she does not believe in Jesus!" Pleasant Surprise Over 90% of the people who witnessed this debate must have been pleasantly, but skeptically, surprised. They might have not believed their ears. They must have surmised that the Muslims were playing to the gallery - that they were trying to curry favor with their fellow Christian countrymen; that if the Muslims would say a few good words about Jesus, then in reciprocation the Christians might say a few good words about Muhammed (may the peace and the blessings of God be upon all His righteous servants, Moses, Jesus, Muhammed...etc.); that I scratch your back and you scratch my back - which would be a sham or hypocrisy. Hate Cultivated We cannot blame the Christians for their skepticism. They have been so learned for centuries. They were trained to think the worst of the man Muhammed, salla Allah u alihi wa sallam, and his religion. How aptly did Thomas Carlyle say about his Christian brethren over a hundred and fifty years ago: "The lies which well-meaning zeal has heaped round this man (Muhammed) are disgraceful to ourselves only." We Muslims are partly responsible for this. We have not done anything substantial to remove the cobwebs. Ocean of Christianity South Africa is an ocean of Christianity. If Libya boasts the highest percentage of Muslims on the continent of Africa, then the Republic of South Africa would also be entitled to boast the highest percentage of Christians. In this ocean of Christianity the R.S.A. - the Muslims are barely 2% of the total population. We are a voteless minority - numerically, we count for nothing; politically, we count for nothing; and economically, one white man, as Oppenheimer, could buy out the whole lot of us, lock, stock and barrel. So if we had feigned to appease, we might be excused. But no! We must proclaim our Master's Will; we must declare the Truth, whether we liked it or not. In the words of Jesus: "Seek ye the truth, and the truth shall set you free" (John 8:32). -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Chapter Two : Jesus in the Quran -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Christians Unaware The Christian does not know that the true spirit of charity which the Muslim displays, always, towards Jesus and his mother Mary spring from the fountainhead of his faith - the Holy Quran. He does not know that the Muslim does not take the holy name of Jesus, in his own language, without saying Eesa, alaihi assalam ("Jesus, peace be upon him") The Christian does not know that in the Holy Quran Jesus is mentioned twenty five times. For example: "We gave Jesus, the son of Mary, clear signs and strengthened him with the Holy Spirit" (The Holy Quran 2:87) "O Mary! God giveth thee glad tidings of a Word from Him: his name will be Christ Jesus, the son of Mary..." (3:45) "...Christ Jesus the son of Mary was (no more than) an apostle of god..." (4:171) "...And in their foot steps we sent Jesus the son of Mary..." (5:46) "And Zakariya and John, and Jesus and Elias: all in the ranks of the righteous." (6:85) Jesus - His Titles Though Jesus is mentioned by name in twenty-five places in the Holy Quran, he is also addressed with respect as: Ibn Maryam, meaning "The son of Mary"; and as the Maseeh (in Hebrew it is the Messiah), which is translated as "Christ". He is also known as Abdullah, "The servant of Allah"; and as Rasul u Allah, the messenger of Allah. He is spoken of as "The Word of God", as "The Spirit of God", as a "Sign of God", and numerous other epithets of honor spread over fifteen different chapters. The Holy Quran honors this mighty messenger of God, and the Muslims have not fallen short over the past fourteen hundred years in doing the same. There is not a single disparaging remark in the entire Quran to which even the most jaundiced among the Christians can take exception. Eesa Latinised to "Jesus" The Holy Quran refers to Jesus as Eesa, and this name is used more times than any other title, because this was his "Christian" name. Actually, his proper name was Eesa (Arabic), or Esau (Hebrew); classical Yeheshua, which the Christian nations of the West latinised as Jesus. Neither the "J" nor the second "s" in the name Jesus is to be found in the original tongue - they are not found in the Semitic languages. The word is very simply "E S A U" a very common Jewish name, used more than sixty times in the very first booklet alone of the Bible, in the part called "Genesis". There was at least one "Jesus" sitting on the "bench" at the trial of Jesus before the Sanhedrin. Josephus the Jewish historian mentions some twenty five Jesus' in his "Book of Antiquities". The New Testament speaks of "Bar-Jesus" a magician and a sorcerer, a false prophet (Acts 13:6); and also "Jesus-Justus" a Christian missionary, a contemporary of Paul (Colossians 4:11). These are distinct from Jesus the son of Mary. Transforming "Esau" to (J)esu(s) - Jesus - makes it unique. This unique (?) name has gone out of currency among the Jews and the Christians from the 2nd century after Christ. Among the Jews, because it came to be a name of ill - repute, the name of one who blasphemed in Jewry; and among the Christians because it came to be the proper name of their God. The Muslim will not hesitate to name his son Eesa because it is an honored name, the name of a righteous servant of the Lord. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Chapter Three : Mother And Son -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Mary Honored The birth of Jesus Christ is described in two places of the Quran - chapter 3 and chapter 19. Reading from the beginning of his birth, we come across the story of Mary, and the esteemed position which she occupies in the House of Islam, before the actual annunciation of the birth of Jesus is given: "'Behold'! the angels said: 'O Mary! God hath chosen thee and purified thee, and chosen thee above the women of all nations" (3:42) "Chosen thee above the women of all nations." Such an honor is not to be found given to Mary even in the Christian Bible! The verse continues: "O Mary! Worship thy Lord devoutly: prostrate thyself, and bow down (in prayer) with those who bow down." (3:43) Divine Revelation What is the source of this beautiful and sublime recitation which, in its original Arabic, moves men to ecstasy and tears? verse 44 below explains: "This is part of the tidings, of the things unseen, which We reveal unto thee (O Muhammad!) by inspiration: Thou wast not with them when they cast lots with arrows, as to which of them should be charged with the care of Mary: nor wast thou with them when they disputed (the point)." (3:44) Mary's Birth The story is that the maternal grandmother of Jesus, Hannah, had hitherto been barren. She poured out her heart to God: If only God will grant her a child, she would surely dedicate such a child for the service of God in the temple. God granted her prayer and Mary was born. Hannah was disappointed. She was yearning for a son, but instead she delivered a daughter; and in no way is the female like the male, for what she had in mind. What was she to do? She had made a vow to God. She waited for Mary to be big enough to fend for herself. When the time came, Hannah took her darling daughter to the temple, to hand over for temple services. Every priest wanted to be the god-father of this child. They cast lots with arrows for her - like the tossing of the coin - head or tail? eventually she fell to the lot of Zakariya, but not without a dispute. The Source of His Message This was the story. But where did Muhammed, salla Allah u alihi wa sallam, get this knowledge from? He was an Ummi, Arabic for "unlettered". He did not low how to read or write. He is made by God Almighty to answer this very question in the verse above, by saying that it was all by divine inspiration. "No!", says the controversialist. "This is Muhammed's own concoction. He copied his revelations from the Jews and Christians. He plagiarized it. He forged it." Knowing full-well, and believing as we do, that the whole Quran is the veritable Word of God, we will nevertheless agree, for the sake of argument, with the enemies of Muhammed, salla Allah u alihi wa sallam, for a moment, that he wrote it. We can now expect some cooperation from the unbelievers. Ask him: "Have you any qualms in agreeing that Muhammed was an Arab?" Only an ignorant will hesitate to agree. In that case there is no sense in pursuing any discussion. Cut short the talk. Close the book! With the man of reason, we proceed. "That this Arab, in the first instance, was addressing other Arabs. He was not talking to Indian Muslims, Chinese Muslims, or Nigerian Muslims. He was addressing his own people, the Arabs. Whether they agreed with him or not, he told them in the most sublime form, words that were seared into the hearts and minds of his listeners that Mary the mother of Jesus, a Jewess, was chosen above the women of all nations. Not his own mother, nor his wife nor his daughter, nor any other Arab woman, but a Jewess! Can one explain this? Because to everyone his own mother or wife, or daughters would come before other women. Why would the prophet of Islam honor a woman from his opposition! and a Jewess at that! belonging to a race which had been looking down upon his people for three thousand years? Just as they still look down upon their Arab brethren today." Sarah and Hagar The Jews learn, from the Bible, that their father, Abraham, had two wives Sarah and Hagar. They say that they are the children of Abraham through Sarah his legitimate wife; that their Arab brethren have descended through Hagar, a "bondwoman", and that as such, the Arabs are an inferior breed. Will anyone please explain the anomaly as to why Muhammed, salla Allah u alihi wa sallam, if he is the author, chose this Jewess for such high honor? The answer is simple, he had no choice he had no right to speak of his own desire. "It is no less than an inspiration sent down to him." (53:4) The Chapter of Maryam There is a Chapter in the Holy Quran, named Surat u Maryam "Chapter Mary", named in honor of Mary the mother of Jesus Christ, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him; again, such an honor is not to be found given to Mary in the Christian Bible. Out of the 66 books of the Protestants and 73 of the Roman Catholics, not one is named after Mary or her son. You will find books named after Matthew, Mark, Luke, John, Peter, Paul and two score more obscure names, but not a single one is that of Mary! If Muhammed, salla Allah u alihi wa sallam, was the author of the Holy Quran, then he would not have failed to include in it with Mary, the mother of Jesus, his own mother Aamina, his dear wife Khadija, or his beloved daughter Fatima. But No! No! This can never be. The Quran is not his handiwork!. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Chapter Four : The Good News -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- " 'Behold!' the angels said: 'O Mary! Allah giveth thee glad tidings of a word from him: his name will be Jesus, the son of Mary; held in honor in this world and the hereafter; and (of the company of) those nearest to Allah." (3:45) "Nearest to God," not physically nor geographically, but spiritually. Compare this with "And (Jesus) sat on the right hand of God." (Mark 16:19). The bulk of Christendom has misunderstood this verse as well as many others in the Bible. They imagine the Father (God) sitting on a throne, a glorified chair, and His Son, Jesus, sitting on His right hand side. Can you conjure up the picture? If you do, you have strayed from the true knowledge of God. He is no old Father Christmas. He is beyond the imagination of the mind of man. He exists. He is real, but He is not like anything we can think of, or imagine. In eastern languages "right hand" meant a place of honor, which the Holy Quran more fittingly describes as "In the company of those nearest to Allah." The above verse confirms that Jesus is the Christ. and that he is the Word which God bestowed upon Mary. Again, the Christian reads into these words, a meaning which they do not carry. They equate the word "Christ" with the idea of a god-incarnate; and the "Word" of God to be God. "Christ" Not a Name The word "Christ" is derived from the Hebrew word Messiah, Arabic Maseeh. Root word masaha, meaning "to rub", "to massage", "to anoint". Priests and kings were anointed when being consecrated to their offices. But in its translated Grecian form, "Christ" seems unique: befitting Jesus only. Christians like to translate names into their own language; like Cephas to "Peter" , Messiah to "Christ". How do they do that? Very easily. Messiah in Hebrew means "Anointed". The Greek word for anointed is Christos. Just lop off the 'os' from Christos, and you are left with "Christ"; a unique name! Christos means "Anointed", and anointed means appointed in its religious connotation. Jesus, peace and blessing be upon him, was appointed (anointed) at his baptism by John the Baptist, as God's Messenger. Every prophet of God is so anointed or appointed. The Holy Bible is replete with the "anointed" ones. In the original Hebrew, he was made a Messiah. Let us keep to the English translation "anointed." Not only were prophets and priests and kings anointed (Christos-ed), but horns, and cherubs and lamp-posts also. "I am the God of Bethel, where you anointed a pillar ..." (Genesis 31:13) "If the priest that is anointed do sin ..." (Leviticus 4:3) "And Moses... anointed the tabernacle and all things that was therein..." (Leviticus 8:100) "..the Lord shall...exalt the horn of his anointed" (I Samuel 2:10) "Thus saith the Lord to his anointed to Cyrus..." (Isaiah 45:1) "Thou art the anointed cherub..." (Ezekiel 28:14) There are an hundred more such references in the Holy Bible. Every time you come across the word "anointed" in your Bible, you can take it that that word would be christos in the Greek translations, and if you take the same liberty with the word that the Christians have done, you will have Christ Cherub, Christ Cyrus, Christ Priest and Christ Pillar, ...etc. Some Titles Exclusive Although, every prophet of God is an anointed one of God, a Messiah, the title Maseeh or Messiah, or its translation "Christ" is exclusively reserved for Jesus, the son of Mary, in both Islam and in Christianity. This is not unusual in religion. There are certain other honorific titles which may be applied to more than one prophet, yet being made exclusive to one by usage: like "Rasulullah", meaning "Messenger of God", which title is applied to both Moses (19:51) and Jesus (61:6) in the Holy Quran. Yet "Rasullullah" has become synonymous only with Muhammad, the prophet of Islam, among Muslims. Every prophet is indeed a "Friend of God", but its Arabic equivalent "Khalillullah" is exclusively associated with Father Abraham. This does not mean that the others are not God's friends. "Kaleemullah", meaning "One who spoke with Allah" is never used for anyone other than Moses, yet we believe that God spoke with many of His messengers, including Jesus and Muhammed, may the peace and blessings of God be upon all His servants. Associating certain titles with certain personages only, does not make them exclusive or unique in any way. We honor all in varying terms. Whilst the good news was being announced (verse 45 above) Mary was told that her unborn child will be called Jesus, that he would be the Christ, a "Word" from God, and that... "He shall speak to the people in childhood and in maturity. And he shall be (of the company) of the righteous." (3:46) "At length she brought the (babe) to her people carrying him. They said: 'O Mary! truly a strange thing has thou brought!'. 'O sister of Aaron!, thy father was not a man of evil, nor thy mother a woman unchaste!' " (The Holy Quran 19:27-28) Jews Amazed There is no Joseph the carpenter here. The circumstances being peculiar, Mary the mother of Jesus had retired herself to some remote place in the East (19:16). After the birth of the child she returns. A. Yusuf Ali, comments in his popular English translation of the Quran: "The amazement of the people knew no bounds. In any case they were prepared to think the worst of her, as she had disappeared from her kin for some time. But now she comes, shamelessly parading a babe in her arms! How she had disgraced house of Aaron, the fountain of priesthood! "Sister of Aaron": Mary is reminded of her high lineage and the unexceptionable morals of her father and mother. How, they said, she had fallen, and disgraced the name of her progenitors! What could Mary do? How could she explain? Would they, in their censorious mood accept her explanation? All she could do was to point to the child, who, she knew, was no ordinary child. And the child came to her rescue. By a miracle he spoke, defended his mother, and preached to an unbelieving audience." Allah azza wa jall says in the Quran: "But she pointed to the babe. They said: 'How can we talk one who is a child in the cradle?' He (Jesus) said: 'I am indeed a servant of Allah (God) : He hath given me revelation and made me a prophet: 'and He hath made me blessed wheresoever I be, and hath enjoined on me prayer and charity as long as I live. '(He hath made me) kind to my mother, and not overbearing or unblest; 'So Peace is on me the day I was born, the day that I die, and the day that I shall be raised up to life again)'!" (19:29-33) His First Miracle(s) Thus Jesus, peace and blessings be upon him, defended his mother from the grave calumny and innuendoes of her enemies. This is the very first miracle attributed to Jesus in the Holy Quran that, he spoke as an infant from his mother's arms. Contrast this with his first miracle in the Christian Bible which occurred when he was over thirty years of age: "And the third day there was a marriage in Cana of Galilee; and the mother of Jesus was there: And both Jesus was called, and his disciples, to the marriage. And when they wanted wine, the mother of Jesus saith unto him, they have no wine. Jesus saith unto her, 'Woman, what have I to do with thee? mine hour is not yet come.' His mother saith unto the servants, Whatsoever he saith unto you, do it. And there were set there six water pots of stone, after the manner of the purifying of the Jews, containing two or three firkins apiece. Jesus saith unto them, Fill the water pots with water. And they filled them up to the brim. And he saith unto them, Draw out now, and bear unto the governor of the feast. And they bare it. When the ruler of the feast had tasted the water that was made wine, and knew not whence it was: (but the servants which drew the water knew;) the governor of the feast called the bridegroom, And saith unto him, Every man at the beginning doth set forth good wine; and when men have well drunk, then that which is worse: but thou hast kept the good wine until now." (John 2:110) Since this miracle, wine has flowed like water in Christendom. Many reason that what was good for the Master is good enough for them. Jesus was no "kill-joy" they say. Didn't he make good potent wine, that even those "well drunk", those whose senses had been dulled could make out the difference ? "That the best was kept for the last.". This was no pure grape juice. It was the same wine that, according to the Christian Bible, enabled the daughters of Lot to seduce their father (Genesis 19:32-33).It was the same wine which the Christian is advised to eschew in Ephesians 5:18 - "And be not drunk with wine..." It is that innocent (?) 1% potency that eventually leads millions down into the gutter. America has 10 million drunkards in the midst of 70 million "born-again" Christians! The Americans call their drunkards "Problem Drinkers". In South Africa, they are called "Alcoholics"; drunkard is too strong a word for people to stomach. But the Prime Minister of Zambia, Dr. Kenneth Kaunda, does not hesitate to call a spade a spade. He says, "I am not prepared to lead nation of drunkards", referring to his own people who drink intoxicants. Whether the water "blushed" or not "seeing" Jesus, we cannot blame him or his disciples for the drinking habits of his contemporaries. For he had truly opined, "have yet many things to say unto you, but ye cannot bear them now" (John 16:12). Mankind had not reached the stage of receiving the whole Truth of Islam. Did he not also say "You cannot put new wine into old bottles"? (Matthew 9:17). "Mother" or "Woman"? According to St. John, in the fourth verse above, describing the marriage feast at Cana, we are told that Jesus, peace and blessings be upon him, behaved insolently towards his mother. He calls her "woman," and to rub more salt into the wound he is made to say "what have I to do with thee?" What connection is there between you and me, or what have I got to do with you? Could he have forgotten that this very "woman" had carried him for nine months, and perhaps suckled him for 2 years, and had borne endless insults and injuries on account of him? Is she not his mother? Is there no word in his language for "mother"? Strange as it may seem, that while the missionaries boast about their master's humility, meekness and long-suffering, they call him the "Prince of Peace" and they sing that "he was led to the slaughter like a lamb, and like a sheep who before his shearer is dumb, he opened not his mouth", yet they proudly record in the same breath, that he was ever ready with invectives for the elders of his race, and was always itching for a showdown i.e. if their records are true: "Ye hypocrites!" "Ye wicked and adulterous generation!" "Ye whited sephulcres!" "Ye generation of vipers!" and now to his mother: "Woman..." Jesus Defended Muhammed, salla Allah u alihi wa sallam, the Messenger of God, is made to absolve Jesus from the false charges and calumnies of his enemies. "And He (God Almighty) hath made me (Jesus) kind to my mother, and not overbearing or unblest" (19:31). On receiving the good news of the birth of a righteous son Mary responds: "She said: 'O My Lord! how shall I have a son, when no man hath touched me?" The angel says in reply: "He said: 'Even so: Allah (God) createth what He willeth: when He hath decreed a matter He but sayth o it 'Be,' and it is! And Allah (God) will teach him the Book and Wisdom, the Torah (Law) and the Gospel," (3:47-48). -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Chapter Five : Quranic and Biblical Versions -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Meeting the Reverend I was visiting the "Bible House" in Johannesburg. Whilst browsing through the stacks of Bibles and religious books, I picked up an Indonesian Bible and had just taken in hand a Greek - English New Testament, a large, expensive volume. I had not realized that I was being observed by the supervisor of the Bible House. Casually, he walked up to me. Perhaps my beard and my Muslim headgear were an attraction and a challenge? He inquired about my interest in that costly volume. I explained that as a student of comparative religion, I had need for such a book. He invited me to have tea with him in his office. It was very kind of him and I accepted. Over the cup of tea, I explained to him the Muslim belief in Jesus, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him. I explained to him the high position that Jesus occupied in the House of Islam. He seemed skeptical about what I said. I was amazed at his seeming ignorance, because only retired Reverend gentlemen can become Supervisors of Bible Houses in South Africa. I began reciting from verse 42 of chapters 3 of the Holy Quran: "'Behold!' The angels said: 'O Mary, Allah hath chosen thee...'" I wanted the Reverend to listen, not only to the meaning of the Quran, but also to the music of its cadences when the original Arabic was recited. Rev. Dunkers (for that was his name) sat back and listened with rapt attention to "Allah's Words". When I reached the end of verse 49, the Reverend commented that the Quranic message was like that of his own Bible. He said, he saw no difference between what he behaved as a Christian, and what I had read to him. I said: "that was true". If he had come across these verses in the English language alone without their Arabic equivalent, side by side, he would not have been able to guess in a hundred years that he was reading the Holy Quran. If he were a Protestant, he would have thought that he was reading the Roman Catholic Version, if he had not seen one, or the Jehovah's Witness Version or the Greek Orthodox Version, or the hundred and one other versions that he might not have seen; but he would never have guessed that he was reading the Quranic version. The Christian would be reading here, in the Quran, everything he wanted to hear about Jesus, but in a most noble, elevated and sublime language. He could not help being moved by it. In these eight terse verses from 42 to 49 we are told: (a) That Mary, the mother of Jesus, was a virtuous woman, and honored above the women of all nations. (b) That all that was being said was God's own Revelation to mankind. (c) That Jesus was the "Word" of God. (d) That he was the Christ that the Jews were waiting for. (e) That God will empower this Jesus to perform miracles even in infancy. (f) That Jesus was born miraculously, without any male intervention. (g) That God will vouchsafe him Revelation. (h) That he will give life to the dead by God's permission, and that he will heal those born blind and the lepers by God's permission, ... etc. "Chalk and Cheese" The most fervent Christian cannot take exception to a single statement or word here. But the difference between the Biblical and the Quranic narratives is that between "chalk and cheese". "To me they are identical, what is the difference?" the Reverend asked. I know that in their essentials both the stories agree in their details, but when we scrutinize them closely we will discover that the difference between them is staggering. Now compare the miraculous conception as announced in verse 47 of the Holy Quran with what the Holy Bible says: "Now the birth of Jesus Christ was in this wise: When as his mother Mary was espoused to Joseph, before they came together, (as husband and wife) she was found with child of the holy ghost."(Matthew 1:18) Master Dramatizer The eminent Billy Graham from the United States of America dramatized this verse in front of 40,000 people in King Park, Durban, with his index finger sticking out and swinging his outstretched arm from right to left, he said: "And the Holy Ghost came and impregnated Mary!" On the other hand St. Luke tells us the very same thing but less crudely. He says, that when the annunciation was made, Mary was perturbed. Her natural reaction was : "How shall this be, seeing I know not a man?" (Luke 1:34) meaning sexually. The Quranic narrative is: "She said: O my Lord! how shall I have a son when no man hath touched me?" (3:47) meaning sexually. In essence there is no difference between these two statements "seeing I know not a man" and "when no man hath touched me". Both the quotations have an identical meaning. It is simply a choice of different words meaning the same thing. But the respective replies to Mary's plea in the two Books (the Quran and the Bible) are revealing. The Biblical Version Says the Bible: "And the angle answered and said into her : 'The Holy Ghost shall come upon thee, and the power of the Highest shall overshadow thee" (Luke 1:35) Can't you see that you are giving the atheist, the skeptic, the agnostic a stick to beat you with? They may well ask "How did the Holy Ghost come upon Mary?" "How did the Highest overshadow her?" We know that literally it does not mean that: that it was an immaculate conception, but the language used here, is distasteful. Now contrast this with the language of the Quran: The Quranic Version "He said (the angel says in reply): 'Even so: Allah (God) createth what He willeth: when He hath decreed a plan, He but saith to it, 'Be,' and it is!' " (3:47) This is the Muslim concept of the birth of Jesus. For God to create a Jesus, without a human father, He merely has to will it. If He wants to create a million Jesus' without fathers or mothers, He merely wills them into existence. He does not have to take seeds and transfer them, like men or animals by contact or artificial insemination . He wills everything into being by His word of command "Be" and "It is". There is nothing new in what I am telling you, I reminded the Reverend. It is in the very first Book of your Holy Bible, Genesis 1:3 "And God said..." What did He say? He said "Be" and "It was". He did not have to articulate the words. This is our way of understanding the word "Be", that He willed everything into being. Choice for His Daughter "Between these two versions of the birth of Jesus, the Quranic version and the Biblical version, which would you prefer to give your daughter ?" I asked the supervisor of the Bible House. He bowed his head down in humility and admitted "The Quranic Version." How can "a forgery" or "an imitation", as it is alleged of the Quran, be better than the genuine, the original, as it is claimed for the Bible? It can never be, unless this Revelation to Muhammed is what it, itself, claims to be viz. The pure and holy Word of God! There are a hundred different tests that the unprejudiced seeker after truth can apply to the Holy Quran and it will qualify with flying colors to being a Message from on High. Like Adam Does the miraculous birth of Jesus make him a God or a "begotten" son of God? No! says the Holy Quran: "The similitude of Jesus before Allah (God) is that of Adam; He created him from dust then said to him: 'Be', and he was." (3:59) Yusuf Ali, comments in his notes in the Quran translation: "After a description of the high position which Jesus occupies as a prophet in the preceding verses we have a repudiation of the dogma that he was God, or the son of God, or any thing more than man. If it is said that he was born without a human father, Adam was also so born. Indeed Adam was born without either a human father or mother. As far as our physical bodies are concerned they are mere dust. In God's sight Jesus was as dust just as Adam was or humanity is. The greatness of Jesus arose from the divine command 'Be': for after that he was more than dust a great spiritual leader and teacher" The logic of it is that, if being born without a male parent entitles Jesus to being equated with God, then, Adam would have a greater right to such honor, and this no Christian would readily concede. Thus, the Muslim is made to repudiate the Christian blasphemy. Further, if the Christian splits hairs by arguing that Adam was "created" from the dust of the ground, whereas Jesus was immaculately "begotten" in the womb of Mary, then let us remind him that, even according to his own false standards, there is yet another person greater than Jesus, in his own Bible . Who is this superman? Paul's Innovation "For this Melchisedec, king of Salem, priest of the most high God... Without father, without mother, without descent, having neither beginning of days, nor end of life..." (Hebrews 7:1,3) Here is a candidate for Divinity itself, for only God Almighty could possess these qualities. Adam had a beginning (in the garden), Jesus had a beginning (in the stable); Adam had an end and, claim the Christians, so had Jesus "and he gave up the ghost". But where is Melchisedec? Perhaps he is hibernating somewhere like Rip Van Winkel (a fairy tale character who slept for many ages.) And what is this "Hebrews"? It is the name of one of the Books of the Holy Bible, authored by the gallant St. Paul, the self appointed thirteenth apostle of Christ. Jesus had twelve apostles, but one of them (Judas) had the Devil in him. So the vacancy had to be filled, because of the "twelve" thrones in heaven which had to be occupied by his disciples to judge the children of Israel (Luke 22:30). Saul was a renegade Jew, and the Christians changed his name to "Paul", probably because "Saul" sounds Jewish. This St. Paul made such a fine mess of the teachings of Jesus, peace blessings be upon him, that he earned for himself the second most coveted position of "The Most Influential Men of History" in the monumental work of Michael H. Hart: The 100 or The Top Hundred or the Greatest Hundred in History. Paul outclasses even Jesus because, according to Michael Hart, Paul was the real founder of present day Christianity. The honor of creating Christianity had to be shared between Paul and Jesus, and Paul won because he wrote more Books of the Bible than any other single author, whereas Jesus did not write a single word. Paul needed no inspiration to write his hyperboles here and in the rest of his Epistles. Did not Hitler's Minister of Propaganda Goebbels say: "The bigger the lie the more likely it is to be believed'? But the amazing thing about this exaggeration is that no Christian seems to have read it. Every learned man to whom I have shown this verse to, seemed to be seeing it for the first time. They appear dumbfounded, as described by the fitting words of Jesus: "...seeing they see not, and hearing they hear not, neither do they understand." (Matthew 13:13) The Holy Quran also contains a verse which fittingly describes this well cultivated sickness: "Deaf, dumb and blind, will they not return (to the path)." (2:18) The Sons of God The Muslim takes strong exception to the Christian dogma that "Jesus is the only begotten son, begotten not made". This is what the Christian is made to repeat from childhood in his catechism. I have asked learned Christians, again and again as to what they are really trying to emphasize, when they say: "Begotten not made". They know that according to their own God given (?) records, God has sons by the tons: "...Adam, which was the son of God."(Luke 3:38) "That the sons of God saw the daughters of men that they were fair... And when the sons of God came in unto the daughters of men, and they bare children to them..." (Genesis 6: 2,4) "...Israel is My son, even My firstborn:" (Exodus 4:22) "...for I (God) am a Father to Israel, and Ephraim is My firstborn." (Jeremiah 31:9) "...the Lord hath said unto me (David): 'Thou art My son: this day have I begotten thee." (Psalms 2:7) "For as many as are led by the Spirit of God, they are the sons of God." (Romans 18:14) Can't you see that in the language of the Jew, every righteous person, every Tom, Dick and Harry who followed the Will and Plan of God, was a "Son of God". It was a metaphorical descriptive term commonly used among the Jews. The Christian agrees with this reasoning, but goes on to say: "but Jesus was not like that". Adam was made by God. Every living thing was made by God, He is the Lord, Cherisher and Sustainer of all. Metaphorically speaking therefore God is the Father of all. But Jesus was the "begotten" son of God, not a created son of God ? Begotten Means "Sired"! In my forty years of practical experience in talking to learned Christians, not a single one has opened his mouth to hazard an explanation of the phrase "begotten not made". It had to be an American who dared to explain. He said : "It means, sired by God." "What!?" I exploded : "Sired by God?" "No, no!" he said, "I am only trying to explain the meaning, I do not believe that God really sired a son." The sensible Christian says that the words do not literally mean what they say. Then why do you say it? Why are you creating unnecessary conflict between the 1,200,000,000 Christians and a thousand million Muslims of the world in making senseless statements? Reason for Objection The Muslim takes exception to the word "begotten", because begetting is an animal act, belonging to the lower animal functions of sex. How can we attribute such a lowly capacity to God? Metaphorically we are all the children of God, the good and the bad, and Jesus would be closer to being the son of God than any one of us, because he would be more faithful to God then any one of us can ever be. From that point of view he is preeminently the son of God. Although this pernicious word "begotten" has now unceremoniously been thrown out of the "Most Accurate" version of the Bible, the Revised Standard Version (R.S.V.), its ghost still lingers on in the Christian mind, both black and white. Through its insidious brainwashing the white man is made to feel superior to his black Christian brother of the same Church and Denomination. And in turn, the black man is given a permanent inferiority complex through this dogma. Brain-washed Inferiority The human mind can't help reasoning that since the "begotten son" of an African will look like an African, and that of a Chinaman as a Chinese, and that of an Indian like an Indian: so the begotten son of God aught naturally to look like God. Billions of beautiful pictures and replicas of this "only begotten son of God" are put in peoples hands. He looks like a European with blonde hair, blue eyes and handsome features like e one I saw in the "King of Kings" or "The Day of Triumph" or "Jesus of Nazareth". Remember Jeffrey Hunter? The "Savior" of the Christian is more like a German than a Jew with his polly nose. So naturally, if the son is a white man, the father would also be a white man (God?). Hence the darker skinned races of the earth subconsciously have the feeling of inferiory ingrained in their souls as God's "step children". No amount of face creams, skin lighteners and hair straighteners will erase the inferiority. God is neither black nor white. He is beyond the imagination of the mind of man. Break the mental shackles of a Caucasian (white) man-god, and you have broken the shackles of a permanent inferiority. But intellectual bondages are harder to shatter: the slave himself fights to retain them. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Chapter Six : Answer to Christian Dilemmas -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- "Christ in Islam" is really Christ in the Quran: and the Holy Quran has something definite to say about every aberration of Christianity. The Quran absolves Jesus, peace and blessings be upon him, from all the false charges of his enemies as well as the misplaced infatuation of his followers. His enemies allege that he blasphemed against God by claiming Divinity. His misguided followers claim that he did avow Divinity, but that was not blasphemy because he was God. What does the Quran say ? Addressing both the Jews and the Christians, Allah says: "O People of the Book! commit no excesses in your religion: nor say of Allah (God) aught but the truth. Christ Jesus son of Mary was (no more than) a messenger of Allah (God), and His Word, which he bestowed on Mary, and a Spirit proceeding from Him: so believe in Allah (God) and His messengers..." (4:171) Going to Extremes "O People of the Book" is a very respectful title with which the Jews and the Christians are addressed in the Holy Quran. In other words, Allah is saying "O Learned People!", "O People with a Scripture!" According to their own boast, the Jews and the Christians prided themselves over the Arabs, who had no Scripture before the Quran. As a learned people, Allah pulls up both the contending religionists for going to either extremes as regards the personality of Christ. The Jews made certain insinuations about the legitimacy of Jesus and charged him of blasphemy by twisting his words. The Christians read other meanings into his words; wrench words out of their context to make him God. The modern day Christian, the hot - gospeller, the Bible thumper, uses harsher words and cruder approaches to win over a convert to his blasphemies. He says: (a) "Either Jesus is God or a liar" (b) "Either Jesus is God or a lunatic" (c) "Either Jesus is God or an impostor" These are his words, words culled from Christian literature. Since no man of charity, Muslim or otherwise, can condemn Christ so harshly as the Christian challenges him to do, perforce he must keep non-committal. He thinks he must make a choice between one or the other of these silly extremes. It does not occur to him that there is an alternative to this Christian conundrum. Sensible Alternative Is it not possible that Jesus is simply what he claimed to be, a prophet, like so many other prophets that passed away before him? Even that he is one of the greatest of them, a mighty miracle worker, a great spiritual teacher and guide - the Messiah!. Why only God or Lunatic? Is "lunacy" the opposite of "Divinity" in Christianity? What is the antonym of God? Will some clever Christian answer? The Quran lays bare the true position of Christ in a single verse, followed by a note by Yusuf Ali's: "That he was the son of a woman, Mary, and therefore a man;" "But a messenger, a man with a mission from Allah (God), and therefore entitled to honor." "A Word bestowed on Mary, for he was created by Allah's word 'Be', and he was;"(3:59). A spirit proceeding from Allah (God), but not Allah: his life and mission were more limited than in the case of some other messengers, though we must pay equal honor to him as a prophet of Allah. The doctrines of Trinity, equality with God, and sons, are repudiated as blasphemies. Allah (God) is independent of all needs and has no need of a son to manage His affairs. The Gospel of John (whoever wrote it) has put a great deal of Alexandrian Gnostic mysticism round the doctrine of the Word (Greek, Logos), but it is simply explained here." Jesus Questioned Reproduced below are verses 119 to 121 from the Chapter of Maeda (chapter 5 of the Quran) depicting the scene of Judgment Day, when Allah will question Jesus, peace and blessings be upon him, regarding the misdirected zeal of his supposed followers in worshipping him and his mother: and his response, "And behold! Allah will say: 'O Jesus the son of Mary! Didst thou say unto men, take me and my mother for two gods beside Allah?' He will say: 'Glory to Thee! never could I say what I had no right (to say). Had I said such a thing, Thou wouldst indeed have known it. Thou knowest what is in my heart, Thou I know not what is in Thine. For Thou knowest in full all that is hidden. 'Never said I to them aught except what Thou didst command me to say, to wit, 'Worship Allah, my Lord and your Lord'; and I was a witness over them whilst I dwelt amongst them; when Thou didst take me up Thou wast the Watcher over them, and Thou art a witness to all things. 'If Thou dost punish them, they are Thy servant: If Thou dost forgive them, Thou art the Exalted in power, the Wise.'" (5:116-118) Claimed No Divinity If this is the statement of truth from the All-Knowing, that "Never said I to them aught except what Thou didst command me to say, to wit, 'Worship Allah, my Lord and your Lord'", then how do the Christians justify worshipping Jesus? There is not a single unequivocal statement throughout the Bible, in all its 66 volumes of the Protestant versions, or in the 73 volumes of the Roman Catholic versions, where Jesus claims to be God or where he says "worship me". Nowhere does he say that he and God Almighty "are one" and "the same person." The last phrase above "one and the same person" tickles many a "hot-gospeller" and "Bible-thumper," not excluding the Doctor of Divinity and the Professor of Theology. Even the new converts to Christianity have memorized these verses. They are programmed to rattle off verses out of context, upon which they can hang their faith. The words "are one" activates the mind by association of memories. "Yes", say the Trinitarians, the worshippers of three gods in one God, and one God in three gods, "Jesus did claim to be God!" Where? Reverend at the Table I had taken Rev. Morris D.D. and his wife, to lunch at the "Golden Peacock." While at the table, during the course of our mutual sharing of knowledge, the opportunity arose to ask, "Where?" And without a murmur he quoted, "I and my father are one" to imply that God and Jesus were one and the same person. That Jesus here claims to be God. The verse quoted was well known to me, but it was being quoted out of context. It did not carry the meaning that the Doctor was imagining, so I asked him, "What is the context?" Choked on "Context" The Reverend stopped eating and began staring at me. I said, "Why? Don't you know the context?", "You see, what you have quoted is the text, I want to know the context, the text that goes with it, before or after." Here was an Englishman (Canadian), a paid servant of the Presbyterian Church, a Doctor of Divinity, and it appeared that I was trying to teach him English. Of course he knew what "context" meant. But like the rest of his compatriots, he had not studied the sense in which Jesus had uttered the words. In my forty years of experience, this text had been thrown at me hundreds of times, but not a single learned Christian had ever attempted to hazard a guess as to its real meaning. They always start fumbling for their Bibles. The Doctor did not have one with him. When they do start going for their Bibles, I stop them in their stride: "Surely, you know what you are quoting?", "Surely, you know your Bible?" After reading this, I hope some "born-again" Christians will rectify this deficiency. But I doubt that my Muslim readers will ever come across one in their lifetime who could give them the context. What is the Context? It is unfair on the part of the Reverend, having failed to provide the context, then to ask me, "Do you know the context?" "Of course," I said. "Then, what is it?" asked my learned friend. I said, "That which you have quoted is the text of John chapter 10, verse 30. To get at the context, we have to begin from verse 23 which reads: 23. "and Jesus was in the temple area walking in Solomon's Colonnade." (John 10:23). John, or whoever he was, who wrote this story, does not tell us the reason for Jesus tempting the Devil by walking alone in the lion's den. For we do not expect the Jews to miss a golden opportunity to get even with Jesus. Perhaps, he was emboldened by the manner in which he had literally whipped the Jews single-handed in the Temple, and upset the tables of the money changers at the beginning of his ministry (John 2:15). 24. "The Jews gathered around him, saying, "How long will you keep us in suspense? If you are the Christ, tell us plainly." (John 10:24). They surrounded him. Brandishing their fingers in his face, they began accusing him and provoking him; saying that he had not put forth his claim plainly enough, clearly enough. That he was talking ambiguously. They were trying to work themselves into a frenzy to assault him. In fact, their real complaint was that they did not like his method of preaching, his invectives, the manner in which he condemned them for their formalism, their ceremonialism, their going for the letter of the law and forgetting the spirit. But Jesus could not afford to provoke them any further there were too many and they were itching for a fight. Discretion is the better part of valor. In a conciliatory spirit, befitting the occasion: 25. "Jesus answered, I did tell you, but you do not believe. The miracles I do in my Father's name speak for me," 26. "but you do not believe because you are not my sheep." (John 10:25-26). Jesus rebuts the false charge of his enemies that he was ambiguous in his claims to being the Messiah that they were waiting for. He says that he did tell them clearly enough, yet they would not listen to him, but: 27. "My sheep listen to my voice; I know them, and they follow me." 28. "I give them eternal life, and they shall never perish; no one can snatch them out of my hand." 29. "My Father, who has given them to me, is greater than all; no one can snatch them out of my Father's hand.." (John 10:29). How can anyone be so blind as not to see the exactness of the ending of the last two verses. But spiritual blinkers are more impervious than physical defects. He is telling the Jews and recording for posterity, the real unity or relationship between the Father and the son. The most crucial verse: 30. "I and the Father are one." (John 10:30). One in what? In their Omniscience? In their Nature? In their Omnipotence? No! One in purpose! That once a believer has accepted faith, the Messenger sees to it that he remains in faith, and God Almighty also sees to it that he remains in faith. This is the purpose of the "Father" and the "son" and the "Holy Ghost" and of every man and every woman of faith. Let the same John explain his Gnostic mystic verbiage. "That they all may be one as thou. Father, art in me, and I in thee, that they also may be one in us..." "I in them, and thou in me, that they may be made perfect in one..."(John 17:20-22) If Jesus is "one" with God, and if that "oneness" makes him God, then the traitor Judas, and the doubting Thomas, and the satanic Peter, plus the other nine who deserted him when he was most in need are God(s), because the same "oneness" which he claimed with God in John 10:30, now he claims for all "who forsook him and fled" (Mark 14:50). All "ye of little faith" (Matthew 8:26). All "O faithless and perverse generation" (Luke 9:41). Where and when will the Christian blasphemy end? The expression "I and my Father are one," was very innocent, meaning nothing more than a common purpose with God. But the Jews were looking for trouble and any excuse will not do, therefore, 31. "Again the Jews picked up stones to stone him," 32. "but Jesus said to them, I have shown you many great miracles from the Father. For which of these do you stone me?" 33. "The Jews answered him, saying : 'For a good work we stone thee not; but for blasphemy; and because that thou, being a man, makest thyself a God.'" (John 10:31-33). In verse 24 above the Jews falsely alleged that Jesus was talking ambiguously. When that charge was ably refuted, they then accused him of blasphemy which is like treason in the spiritual realm. So they say that Jesus is claiming to be God "I and the Father are one". The Christians agree with the Jews in this that Jesus did make such a claim; but differ in that it was not blasphemy because the Christians say that he was God and was entitled to own up to his Divinity. The Christians and the Jews are both agreed that the utterance is serious. To one as an excuse for good "redemption", and to the other as an excuse for good "riddance". Between the two, let the poor Jesus die. But Jesus refuses to co-operate in this game, so: 34. "Jesus answered them, Is it not written in your Law, `I have said you are gods'?" 35. "If he called them `gods,' to whom the word of God came --and the Scripture cannot be broken--," 36. "what about the one whom the Father set apart as his very own and sent into the world? Why then do you accuse me of blasphemy because I said, `I am God's Son'?" (John 10:34-36). Why "Your Law"? He is a bit sarcastic in verse 34, but in any event, why does he say: "Your Law"? Is it not also his Law? Didn't he say: "Think not that I am come to destroy the Law of the prophets: I am come not to destroy, but to fulfill (the Law). For verily I say unto you, till heaven and earth pass away, one Jot or one tittle shall in no wise pass from the Law, till all be fulfilled." (Matthew 5:1718). "You are Gods" "You are gods:" He is obviously quoting from the 82nd Psalm , verse 6, "I have said, ye are gods: and all of you are the children of the most High." Jesus, continues: "If he (i.e. God Almighty) called them gods, unto whom the word of God came (meaning that the prophets of God were called 'gods') and the scripture cannot be broken..." (John 10:35), in other words he is saying: "you can't contradict me!" Jesus knows his Scripture; he speaks with authority; and he reasons with his enemies that: "If good men, holy men, prophets of God are being addressed as 'gods' in our Books of Authority, with which you find no fault, then why do you take exception to me? When the only claim I make for myself is far inferior in our language, viz. 'A son of God' as against others being called 'gods' by God Himself. Even if I (Jesus) described myself as 'god' in our language, according to Hebrew usage, you could find no fault with me." This is the plain reading of Christian Scripture. I am giving no interpretations of my own or some esoteric meaning to words! -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Chapter Seven : "In The Beginning" -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- "Where does Jesus say: 'I am God,' or 'I am equal to God,' or 'Worship me'?" I asked the Rev. Morris again. He took a deep breath and took another try. He quoted the most oft-repeated verse of the Christian Bible - John 1:1. "In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God." Please note, these are not the words of Jesus. They are the words of John (or whoever wrote them). Acknowledged by every erudite Christian scholar of the Bible as being the words of another Jew, Philo of Alexandria, who had written them even before John and Jesus were born. And Philo claimed no divine inspiration for them. No matter what mystical meaning that Philo had woven around these words (which our John has plagiarized), we will accept them for what they are worth. Greek not Hebrew Since the manuscripts of the 27 Books of the New Testament are in Greek, a Christian sect has produced its own version and has even changed the name of this selection of 27 Books to Christian Greek Scriptures ! I asked the Reverend whether he knew Greek? "Yes," he said, He had studied Greek for 5 years before qualification. I asked him what was the Greek word for "God" the first time it occurs in the quotation "and the Word was With God"? He kept staring, but didn't answer. So I said, the word was Hotheos, which literally means "The God". Since the European (including the North American) has evolved a system of using capital letters to start a proper noun and small letters for common nouns, we would accept his giving a capital "G" for God; in other words Hotheos is rendered "the god" which in turn is rendered "God". "Now tell me, what is the Greek word for "God" in the second occurrence in your quotation - "and the Word was God"? The Reverend still kept silent. Not that he did not know Greek, or that he had lied, but he knew more than that; the game was up. I said : "the word was Tontheos, which means "a god". According to your own system of translating you aught to have spelt this word 'God' a second time with a small 'g' i.e. 'god', and not 'God' with a capital 'G'; in other words Tontheos is rendered "a god". Both of these, "god" or "a god" are correct. I told the Reverend: "But in 2 Corinthians 4:4 you have dishonestly reversed your system by using a small 'g' when spelling 'God' "(and the devil is) the god of this world." The Greek word for "the god" is Hotheos the same as in John 1:1. "Why have you not been consistent in your translations ?" "If Paul was inspired to write hotheos the God for the Devil, why don't you use that capital 'G'?" And in the Old Testament, the Lord said unto Moses: "See, I have made thee a god to Pharoah" (Exodus 7:1). "Why do you use a small 'g' for 'God' when referring to Moses instead of a capital 'G' as you do for a mere word 'Word' - "and the Word was God."? "Why do you do this? Why do you play fast and loose with the Word of God?" I asked the reverend. He said, "I didn't do it." I said, "I know, but I am talking about the vested interests of Christianity, who are hell-bent to deify Christ, by using capital letters here and small letters there, to deceive the unwary masses who think that every letter, every comma and full stop and the capital and small letters were dictated by God (Capital 'G' here!)." -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Chapter Eight : What is Left ------------------------------------------------------------------------

What do you think? i have this H.W talking about internet and i have to read it infornt of the class what do you think i should add/replace/delete ? Internet Internet has been for sure the most outstanding invention in the history of mankind. And today it has become the most ever powerful tool for man throughout the world. Internet has brought a globe in a single room, right from news across the corner of the world, Wealth, knowledge, shopping and purchasing an airplane ticket, ticket to a movie or maybe to your favorite football club. Everything is at your fingertips. However, like most, Internet has its own advantages and disadvantages. Communication of course is one of the best features you can get from the internet. You can talk and even see your far away loved ones in a fraction of seconds, chat for hours, e-mail services are provided by many companies for free, such as Hotmail, Yahoo mail, Gmail and others. Still; innovations are going on to make it faster and more reliable. Information is perhaps the biggest advantage internet have to offer. Search engines like Yahoo! and Google are at your service. There is a huge amount of information available for just about every subject known to man. Students are among the top users of the internet, it's almost required that students should use the internet for research for the purpose of gathering resources. Entertainment is another popular reason of why too many people spend lots of time surfing the internet, and that’s all because you can download games, pictures and music, watch videos, celebrity gossip, meet new interesting friends, follow sport events and find new interests and hobbies. People like getting some services done for them by the internet because is much easier, faster and it cost less than having them done offline, services like online banking, job seeking, purchasing tickets, hotel reservations and also teaching programs. Commercials are almost in every page you surf in the internet, which helps business deals, fashion and electronics and other companies. Online shopping websites like e-bay and Amazon are well known by people, they sell everything clothes, shoes, phones, cars and even pets, you name it. People may face problems like theft of personal information if they use the internet such as name, address and credit card numbers etc. Spamming refers to sending unwanted e-mails in bulk. A computer virus is a program that copies itself and infects a computer without permission or knowledge of the user. viruses may take advantage of network services such as the World Wild Web, e-mail, Instant Messaging and File sharing systems to spread. Some viruses are programmed to damage the computer by damaging programs, deleting files, or reformatting the hard disk. Others are not designed to do any damage, but simply replicate themselves and perhaps make their presence known by presenting text, video, or audio messages. They can result in system crashes or slowing down of the computer and it's also very difficult to find and stop the problem. Pornography is perhaps the biggest problem exists in the internet; there are lots of pornographic sites on the internet that can be easily found. Internet can also be time wasting for students who need to focus on their studies. Anyways you can see that the advantages of the internet outweigh its disadvantages.

world geography!!!? ok so every week we do an assigment on vocabulary and im having trouble please help!!!!i need to define:race,acculturation,cultre traits,culture convergence,culture divergence, assimilation,innovation,civilization,agriculture revolution,industrial revolution,information revolution.&&& i need to draw a picture representing:language family,ethnic group,race,and acculturation. any help would be great. THANKS!!!!!!!!!!!

Need advice - creating a game for 9-13 years old? I wanted to solicit opinions from a bright bunch of people so I’m posting this here. I’m in a Project Mgmt class and our team was tasked with developing a game that teaches innovation. I’m not completely happy with what I came up with. So, here is the game. It is geared to the age group of 9-13. There are 4 categories: Science/Technology, Art, Media & Sports. There are 10 cards for each category. These cards would have a picture of an object related to the category. For instance, they land on Sports and on the card they picked; there would be a baseball bat. The player would have to come up with a different way to use that object (something innovative). What I don’t see here is a fun factor. Also, we haven’t come up with a good way to have them win the game. So, I’m posting here to see if anyone has any ideas. We have to keep with this idea but I want to make it more interesting and find a way to determine a winner. I would love to hear some ideas!! Thanks!!

who else can relate to this...omg im old.. SYMPTOMS OF BEING OVER 25 1. You leave clubs before the end to "beat the rush". 2. You get more excited about having a roast on a Sunday than going clubbing. 3. You stop dreaming of becoming a professional footballer and start dreaming of having a son who might instead. 4. Before throwing the local paper away, you look through the property section. 5. All of a sudden, Tony Blair is not 46, he's only 46. 6. Before going out anywhere, you ask what the parking is like. 7. Rather than throw a knackered pair of trainers out, you keep them because they'll be alright for the garden. 8. You buy your first ever T-shirt without anything written on it. 9. Instead of laughing at the innovations catalogue that falls out of the newspaper, you suddenly see both the benefit and money saving properties of a plastic winter cover for your garden bench and an electronic mole repellent for the lawn. Not to mention the plastic man for the car to deter would-be thieves. 10. You start to worry about your parents' health. 11. Sure, you have more disposable income, but everything you want to buy costs between 200 and 500 quid. 12. You don't get funny looks when you buy a Disney video or a Wallace and Gromit bubble bath, as the sales assistant assumes they are for your child. 13. Pop music all starts to sound crap. 14. You opt for Pizza Express over Pizza Hut because they don't have any pictures on the menus and anyway, they do a really nice half-bottle of house white. 15. You always have enough milk in. 16. To compensate for the fact that you have little desire to go clubbing, you instead frequent really loud tapas restaurants and franchise pubs with wacky names in the mistaken belief that you have not turned into your parents. 17. While flicking through the TV channels, you happen upon C4's Time Team with Tony Robinson. You get drawn in. 18. The benefits of a pension scheme become clear. 19. You go out of your way to pick up a colour chart from B&Q.

Symptoms of being over 25? 1. You leave clubs before the end to "beat the rush". 2. You get more excited about having a roast on a Sunday than going clubbing. 3. You stop dreaming of becoming a professional footballer and start dreaming of having a son who might instead. 4. Before throwing the local paper away, you look through the property section. 5. You prefer Later with Jools Holland to Top of the Pops. 6. All of a sudden, Tony Blair is not 46, he's only 46. 7. Before going out anywhere, you ask what the parking is like. 8. Rather than throw a knackered pair of trainers out, you keep them because they'll be all right for the garden. 9. You buy your first ever T-shirt without anything written on it. 10. Instead of laughing at the innovations catalogue that falls out of the newspaper, you suddenly see both the benefit and money saving properties of a plastic winter cover for your garden bench and an electronic mole repellent for the lawn. Not to mention the plastic man for the car to determine would-be thieves. 11. Sure, you have more disposable income, but everything you want to buy costs between 200 and 500 quid. 12. Pop music all starts to sound crap. 13. You opt for Pizza Express over Pizza Hut because they don't have any pictures on the menus and anyway, they do a really nice half-bottle of house white. 14. You become powerless to resist the lure of self-assembly furniture. 15. You always have enough milk in. 16. To compensate for the fact that you have little desire to go clubbing, you instead frequent really loud tapas restaurants and franchise pubs with wacky names in the mistaken belief that you have not turned into your parents. 17. While flicking through the TV channels, you happen upon C4's Time Team with Tony Robinson. You get drawn in. 18. The benefits of a pension scheme become clear. 19. You go out of your way to pick up a colour chart from B&Q. 20. You wish you had a shed. 21. You have a shed. 22. You actually find yourself saying "They don't make 'em like that anymore" and "I remember when there were only 3 TV channels" and "Of course, in my day...." 23. Radio 2 play more songs you know than Radio 1 - and Jimmy Young has some really interesting guests on. 24. Instead of tutting at old people who take ages to get off the bus, you tut at schoolchildren whose diction is poor. 25. When sitting outside a pub you become envious of their hanging baskets. 26. You make an effort to be in and out of the curry house by 11. 27. You come face to face with your own mortality for the first time, and the indestructibility of the 20s gives way to a realisation that you are but passing through this life and if you don't settle down soon and have kids you'll have no-one to look after you when you're old and frail and incontinent and you can't go on p**sing your life up against a wall forever and think of how many brain cells you're destroying every time a swift half turns into 10 pints, and look at that, a full set of stainless steel saucepans for 99 quid, they cost as much as 35 each if you buy them separately, and you get a milk pan thrown in, ... 28. You find yourself saying "is it cold in here or is it just me?"

What leg length of weld do i need for universal beam splice? I've got to design the splice detail for a steel universal beam (i-beam). It needs to be spliced similar to fig.c in this picture http://www.mundysteel.co.uk/images/builderimg.jpg It consists of end plates welded to the ends of the sections and then bolted together. I need to know how much of the beam needs to be welded to the plate. Is it just along the top and bottom of the flange or aroung the inside too. Then i need to know what size weld i need to use. I have found this table http://www.corusconstruction.com/en/design_and_innovation/structural_design/fasteners/fillet_welds/ I'm assuming the longitudinal capacity is the one were considering here. But how do i apply these values to the problem? The beam is going to be installed horizontally so there will be a bending moment about the top flange trying to pull apart the bottom flange. How do i work out the resistance of the weld? Maybe someone could just tell me what leg length and where to weld. beam is 254x146x37 Please only answer if you have experience and know what your talking about or can direct me to a resource that is trustworthy. If the splice fails people could get hurt so its important. Thanks I meant transverse capacity not longitudinal capacity above sorry.